Proposal for Empowering Panchayats and Municipalities to Better Realize Sustainable Development within the Indian Mining Sector
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This paper is about how to realize sustainable development within the Indian mining sector. The debate over sustainable development is an ongoing one and it has wide connotations with respect to the present environmental problems particularly in the context of mining. The latest issues associated with mining in India namely the illegal mining by the legally bound ones to prevent illegal mining calls for the need to have an appropriate controlling mechanism to better achieve sustainable development. The failure in counting the sanctity of environment as part of a developmental model for economic growth in extreme conditions of poverty in developing states as well as the thought of profit over sanctity in developed states pertain to the significance of sustainable development. This paper, in four sections, analyzes the need to have a strong local governance to realize sustainable development in the mining sector. All scholars are unanimous in their opinion regarding the significance of sustainable development but they differ in what all things are to be considered to better understand the concept of sustainable development. Therefore the first part of the paper analyzes various definitions on sustainable development in order to arrive at an appropriate definition covering all necessary aspects for the better realization of sustainable development with less expense of time.In the second part, this paper analyzes the various issues associated with mining sectors across the world including South Africa, Canada, India and Indonesia and suggest that the issues associated with sustainable development are not only developmental issues but also it has some socio-economic and political facets. In order to find equilibrium where the concept of sustainable development is safe there should felt a need to have a proper governing mechanism, which is capable of addressing social, economic, political and developmental issues simultaneously. This paper suggests the grass root level of governance by panchayats and municipalities as an effective solution to the problems associated with mining. Local governments are close to problems and actors and they hold responsibilities in relation to various sectors namely energy, water and waste infrastructure, spatial development and educational policies, which are important for creating change. The third section examines the successful examples of local governance from Indonesia, Sweden, the Netherlands and Norway. The comparative study of Sweden’s Climate Strategy for Sustainable Development; Mine Water Project, Heerlen, Netherlands and Norway’s Environmental Policy for Sustainable Development substantiates the importance or primacy that should give to local governance. The author selected the particular example of Sweden’s climate strategy because Sweden’s local governments proved to be efficient beyond doubt in climate policy implementation for sustainable development. The Mine Water Project, Heerlen is became very crucial for the present study because the project proved the efficiency of municipalities in making local resources for the long-term sustainability and exists to be a good model to states for achieving sustainable development with respect to mining. A study on Norway’s sustainable development policy is very crucial to this paper, since Norway ranked first for Human Development Index worldwide. The importance given to local governments helps Norway to achieve the first position with respect to Human Development Index. The fourth section explores India’s current approach towards sustainable development in mining sector. The paper concludes that municipalities and panchayats should be given greater power to realize sustainable development in mining sector.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,006 | 0,008 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,006 | 0,004 |
| Communication savante | 0,008 | 0,005 |
| Science ouverte | 0,003 | 0,009 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,011 | 0,009 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,007 | 0,002 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».