Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Communications surveillance in Korea is alarming. Per capita, acquisition of subscriber identity data is 60 times, wiretapping 9.5 times, pen register/trap and trace data 2 times, cell tower dumps 5 times the U.S., even taking into account NSA and Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court procedures put into controversy by the recent Snowden revelations. Specific instances of surveillance are noteworthy: seizure of 7 years worth of electronic mails for a campaign financing investigation into a local school board supervisor election, which lasted for 3 weeks; renewing a wiretapping order 14 times over several years. Especially, cell tower dumps involve astronomic amounts of communication metadata, and their constitutionality under the warrant doctrine must be closely examined for they constitute a search on a specific individual with reasonable suspicions but a search for such person. The decisions from U.S. lower courts denying or restricting the conditions of cell tower searches are informative in that regard, and so should the international human rights statements evaluating the mass surveillance conducted by NSA and FISC in the similar spirit of a search for a suspect. Also, warrantless acquisition of subscriber identification data, while violating the warrant doctrine itself, also greatly facilitate, and thereby incentivizes the investigatory authorities into, mass surveillance by allowing the authorities to check the identities of otherwise anonymous callers en masse. The April 2014, Spencer decision from the Canadian Supreme Court striking down a law allowing such warrantless access should be consulted, and also the Marco Civil of Brazil passed in March of the same year also established that the identification data must be accessed only through a court order.Another reason for massive expansion of communication surveillance in Korea is the lack of timely notification to the suveilled. For instance, the notifications of wiretapping, metadata acquisition, and electronic search and seizure are allo given not on the N-th day after execution but on the N-th day after the investigation is completed and the indictment/no indictment decision issued, which means often the surveilled find out about the fact of surveillance for the first time in court when the prosecutors present the incriminating transcripts in evidence. Subscriber identification data, being warrantlessly accessed, are also accessed without notifications to the subscribers. Also, the recent telecoms’ refusal to let their users in on whether the subscriber identification has been done on them is also violative of the subscribers’ rights as the consumers. The lack of notifications insulates judges from feeling the real pervasiveness of surveillance and hampers their efforts to balance privacy and public interest properly, allowing the surveillance disproportionate in quality and quantity.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,006 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».