Risk factors and determinants of HIV and Hepatitis C prevalence and incidence among a cohort of young injection drug users
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Objectives: The primary objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, incidence and risk factors for HIV and Hepatitis C (HCV) infection among young (aged 13 - 24 years) injection drug users (IDUs) participating in the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study (VIDUS). Methods: This study was a nested sub-study within the VIDUS project. The VIDUS is an open cohort consisting of over 1,400 Vancouver area IDUs. Participants must be aged 13 years and older, have injected illicit drugs at least once in the previous month and reside i n the greater Vancouver area. Enrolment into the study began in 1996, and the majority of participants were enrolled between 1996 and 1997. Since 1997, on average, 100 new study participants have been enrolled each year. At baseline and semi-annually thereafter, subjects undergo an interviewer-administered questionnaire and provide a venous blood sample for HIV and HCV antibody testing. Questionnaires are administered in English, Spanish, Mandarin, French and Cantonese and elicit information on participants' risk factors and living conditions in the previous six months. Nonparametric and multivariate regression methods were used when analyses were conducted on cross-sectional data. Longitudinal data were analyzed using person-time techniques. Results: Baseline HCV prevalence was 46% (107) and was associated with being Aboriginal, incarceration in the previous 6 months, survival sex, <100 lifetime partners, residence in the Downtown Eastside, and at least daily heroin, cocaine, or speedball injection. HCV seroconversion occurred among 37 of the youth, an incidence rate of 37.2 per person-years; the median age was 20 years and the median number of years injecting was 1.1. HCV seroconversion was independently associated with having an IDU partner and daily cocaine injection. Baseline HIV prevalence among the youth was 10% (23) and was independently associated with being female, daily cocaine injection, older age, and a greater number of years injecting. HIV seroconversion occurred among 16 youth, an incidence rate of 4.4 per person years; the median age was 22 and median number of years injecting was 3.0. HIV incidence was associated with being Aboriginal, at least daily crack or cocaine use, and <100 lifetime sexual partners. Conclusion: This sub-study was the first attempt to examine demographic characteristics and risk factors among young IDUs in a city coping with epidemic proportions of HCV and HIV among the IDU population. Young IDUs are of particular importance in terms of prevention of blood-borne infections. Relative to older IDUs, younger IDUs have lower prevalence of HIV and HCV but alarmingly high incidence rates, particularly among female and Aboriginal youth. The window of opportunity to act is short, and preventive actions are urgently required. This study has provided important clues where resources need to be targeted.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».