Global Security Challenges

Canada and the United States share a close alliance, a long border, and democratic values, but the two countries do not always have the same views on regional and global security challenges. A group of Canadian and American scholars and practitioners met at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire on 23-24 September 2011 to compare views on four key issues: Is the global institutional order equipped to meet today's threats? Are regional security institutions improving North American security? How different are Canadian and American grand strategies? And by which mechanisms should security threats be assessed and addressed?The organizers of the conference were the John Sloan Dickey Center for International Understanding at Dartmouth; the McGiIl- Universite de Montreal Centre for International Peace and Security Studies; and the Centre for International and Defence Policy, Queen's University with support from the chair in American politicai and economie studies at the Universite de Montreal; the Social Science and Humanities Council of Canada; Fonds quebecois de recherche sur la societe et la culture; and the embassy of Canada in the United States.The papers presented led to a lively and spirited exchange of views on alliance burden- sharing, economic and security integration, cooperation in protecting human rights, security cooperation and peacemaking, China and the challenge of rising powers, and issues of status in international relations. Participants agreed that the international system is being tested by the world economic and financial downturn, continuing challenges in the Middle East and Iran, the rise of China, and major human rights violations by state actors. While questions about the continued leadership role of the US in the international system were raised, most felt that its role will continue and that the international system will evolve to meet the new challenges. The US, however, will seek more burden- sharing and be very judicious about new commitments abroad. Although the US and Canada may disagree on some issues such as the role of the UN and international human rights treaties, common interests bind us, as exemplified by the current focus on perimeter security.This symposium presents a sample of brief pieces that give a sense of the research agendas pursued by conference participants. Like other allies, Canada has a vested interest in the United States' capacity to find the proper balance between global leadership and efficient and legitimate international institutions. In the first article, William Wohlforth, of Dartmouth College, explains why the US must make strong international security institutions an integral part of its own grand strategy. He sees more positive movement in the direction of strengthened security institutions than many critics contend, and gives a few indications as to how the US can play a constructive role in that process. If security institutions are to function adequately, however, all participants have to bear their share of the burden. …

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