Marlowe's Soldiers: Rhetorics of Masculinity in the Age of the Armada

and the effect of those portrayals on the audience.In reasserting the often disregarded importance of geohumoralism in the early modern era, Wilson is able to bring her readers closer to the mindset of a typical Renaissance audience.On the other hand, since Wilson never clearly defines the early modern audience in terms of social factors such as class, readers may ask to what degree geohumoral theories were known by common playgoers.Were members of the lower orders even able to access the works of Aristotle, Jean Bodin, and Albertus Magnus?And, finally, were they aware of the efforts of their contemporaries systematically to compensate for the northern peoples' classical marginalization?The likelihood that such knowledge was restricted to the highly educated may undermine somewhat the persuasiveness of Wilson's assertions.Despite the under-emphasis on class-related matters, Wilson's research is quite convincing in its acknowledgment of a theory often discounted as an "erroneous explanation of blackness" (p.5).Although her reading of the historical development of racialist theory may be overly linear in its organization, readers for years to come will benefit from the provocative and important ideas charted in that history.In this book, Wilson reveals not only the anxieties that plagued the early modern mind in regard to geohumoralist theories but also the influence of those trepidations, which have been passed down for centuries under the guise of racialism.Indeed, in attempting to compensate for their marginalization by discrediting climate theory, northern Europeans established the foundation for what would eventually become widely held beliefs regarding race and ethnicity in the modern world.

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