The application of statistical decision theory to a perceptual decision-making problem
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The object of this study was to determine whether statistical decision theory, or a special application of it, the theory of signal detection, could be of value in accounting for the behaviour of subjects in a perceptual decision-making task. The amount of information in these tasks was varied to see if the theory could predict changes in subject performance. Five subjects were required to distinguish between fifty percent time compressed recordings of the stimulus words "commination" and "comminution” embedded in "white" noise. Under one treatment, compression was gained by discarding many small letter segments while in the other this same compression value was obtained by discarding a few large letter segments. It was hypothesized that large-discard- interval compression would be more detrimental to stimulus intelligibility than small-discard-interval compression. Five other subjects were asked to distinguish between the two noise-embedded stimulus words which had been time-compressed sixty and seventy-four percent. It was predicted that sixty percent compression would be less detrimental to the intelligibility of the stimulus words than seventy-four percent compression. Concurrently, in both groups, an attempt was made to manipulate the degree of cautiousness or decision criteria of all ten subjects. Such manipulation was attempted in order to permit the separation of each subjects' actual sensitivity from each's variable decision criterion. This manipulation involved varying the costs and fines associated with correct and incorrect decisions as well as the probabilities of each stimulus word's occurrence. Large-discard-interval compression was found to be less detrimental to intelligibility, as inferred from subject performance, than small-discard-interval compression. This finding was contrary to the first hypothesis. Sixty percent compression, as predicted, was less detrimental to intelligibility than seventy-four percent compression. It was observed that the theory of signal detection permitted separation of each subjects' sensitivity from his monetary degree of cautiousness. This cautiousness was also found to be accessible to manipulation. It is suggested that since the approach of statistical decision theory detected changes in subject performance in response to varying amounts of information, it can be profitably applied to the study of perception.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,046 | 0,155 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,009 |
| Communication savante | 0,005 | 0,005 |
| Science ouverte | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,003 | 0,004 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».