Towards a national infrastructure strategy: water distribution systems : a case study
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Treated water distribution systems in North America represent a major component of the physical infrastructure in dire need of closer attention by the regulatory bodies, local, regional and national governments, and the public in general. The problems identified by the media over the past decade have been limited to pictures of collapsing or deteriorating pipes. The real problems run much deeper. Reduced government funding over the years, changing public priorities, and a lack of comprehensive information required to accurately define the problems have plagued the overall management of water systems in Canada and the United States. This thesis provides an overview to municipal water distribution systems in Canada, investigating not only the physical processes responsible for the deterioration of such systems, but the historical impetus associated with the development of such systems, the physical profile of the systems unique within Canada, the changing social environment surrounding aged systems, and the real costs associated with repairing worn out systems. Existing historical information is gathered from a variety of sources to profile the Canadian systems. Research by governments and lobby groups, especially the Federation of Canadian Municipalities, is reviewed and summarized. Technical information and current techniques for managing individual water systems are also reviewed. The information is then sysnthesized into a number of policy suggestions aimed at effective solutions to the current crisis and reviewed within the context of a small community in Greater Vancouver. There is no single magic formula to solving the problems, but rather a wide and varied combination of improvements which must be made over the broad spectrum of water distribution system management. National, provincial, and local bodies are all involved to some degree in the management decisions and all could utilize more effective management techniques which focus on better implementing already available technologies rather than developing new technologies. Rehabilitation decisions must be based on sound principles aimed at effectively protecting public interests, rather than techniques which are often geared more to the availability of grants rather than the actual condition of the pipes. Information important to the decision making process must, however, not be restricted to the decision makers. Polls have shown that public interest and concern over drinking water issues is typically very low, and is only heightened by crisis-type situations. This was very evident in the recent federal election, where suggestions by the Liberal party to implement an infrastructure program were often met by ridicule and cynicism, considered as opportunistic spending aimed only at securing the votes of the unemployed, rather than any legitimate concern for public health or economic benefit. In recent months the Liberal party has formed the new federal government and has committed an infrastructure program, having set aside $2 billion to solving what may now be a $30 billion infrastructure problem in Canada. To maintain the public faith and to assure these limited funds are used effectively, there is a real need for improved policies. This thesis will endeavour to provide the basic framework for a national policy to better manage the present and the future of the conduits which carry the gift of human life through our towns and cities - good, wholesome, clean, drinking water.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».