Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The purpose of this study was to examine crisis management in business enterprises. The study had four objectives: 1) to integrate theories of crisis behaviour into a conceptual model of crisis management providing a basis for empirical research; 2) to test specific hypotheses concerning crisis behaviour, susceptibility to crises, and coping abilities; 3) to develop managerial tools for diagnosing organizational strengths and vulnerabilities in coping with crises; 4) to develop prescriptions for improving abilities to cope with crises and for preventing crises. A conceptual model was developed that provided a framework for studying decision-making and implementation processes during crises. Data on environmental, organizational, and managerial characteristics were collected from senior executives in 94 firms in Canada and the U.S. by means of a structured questionnaire. Thirty hypotheses derived from the crisis model were tested. Environmental predictability and a managerial style reflecting process rather than task orientation were two factors associated with lower than average susceptibility to crisis. A general dimension of coping abilities was identified. Firms that have a high ability to cope with one type of crisis tend to have high abilities to cope with other kinds of crises. In addition to the general dimension the study discovered a specialized dimension of coping abilities. Firms that develop high abilities to deal with continuous threats tend to have poor abilities to deal with discontinuous threats if the general dimension of coping abilities is kept constant. High levels of organizational slack and a decentralized decision-making structure were identified as two major factors relating to the ability to cope with market failures. Diagnostic functions were constructed that predicted vulnerabilities to crisis on the basis of executive and organizational attributes. Discriminant Analysis was used to derive the predictive functions for different types of threatening situations (discontinuous threats and opportunities, market stagnation, declining markets, and cyclical markets). The powers of discrimination for these functions generally were high. Prescriptions were developed for improving crisis coping abilities and for preventing crises. To help reduce crisis susceptibility, for example, improved scanning and monitoring techniques were prescribed to temper the impact of an uncertain environment. Dual organizational structures, one for routine decision-making and one for crisis decision-making were prescribed to improve performance in crises. Other prescriptions were of a type that generally would improve management capabilities, for example, expanding the repertoire of standard operating procedures, increasing the motivation of operating departments, and making procedural modifications in decision-making processes. The dissertation concludes by reviewing the successes and weaknesses of the empirical study, and proposals are made for future research.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,003 | 0,010 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».