Thermoregulatory behaviour assessment and thermal imaging of large felids
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Various species of large felid are kept in zoos in climates that differ from those of their wild range. Until very recently thermal comfort and microclimatic zoo exhibit design has not been at the forefront of zoo habitat designs, as it has in livestock production. Few behavioural studies have been reported for captive exotics in the zoo setting. Thermoregulatory behavioural needs and comfort have been investigated in an observational study of several large felid species housed at Toronto Zoo (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), and Busch Gardens in Tampa, Florida. This study included continuous behaviour observations, in association with meteorological measurements (ambient temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), wind speed (m/s), solar radiation (W/m2), and the presence or absence of precipitation and shadows. Infrared thermal imaging of individual animals, were recorded every 15 minutes. In addition, a pilot study including infrared thermal imaging in conjunction with traditional rectal and axillary thermometer readings was carried out with domestic house cats (Felis catus) as a model to investigate the use of thermography for core body temperature measurement. Eight tigers (Panthera tigris) (n = 5 female, n=3 male), observed during summer, were housed at Busch Gardens, Tampa, Florida. To investigate felid species differences, several species were compared (lions (P. leo) (n=3 male and n=2 female), jaguars (P. onca) (n=1 female and n=1 male), tigers (P. tigris altaica) (n=1 male), cougars (Puma concolor) (n=1 female and n=1 male) and snow leopards (P. uncia) (n=1 male and n=1 female)) at the Toronto Zoo in Ontario, Canada during summer and winter. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The tigers in Florida spent most of their time inactive lying (>45%) in the shade (>20%) with water as an important cooling zoo habitat resource for some individuals. Through species comparisons in behaviour and enclosure feature use, it was found that large felids could be grouped into two subgroups based on habitat of origin (i.e. hot climate cats and cold climate cats), and that zoo habitats could be designed for thermal comfort of these groups. Amur tigers and snow leopards are examples of cold climate cats, where lions and jaguars are examples of hot climate cats. All these felid species spent most of their time lying (40 - 84%) and relatively little time on active behaviours (5 - 10%). Shade was important for all species in summer (23 – 50% average daily time). Finally, eye surface temperature was closest to rectal and axillary temperatures, indicating that this may be the most appropriate thermography target for core body temperature assessment. The combined results the three studies described above, provide evidence that habitat of origin may play a role in the differences in thermal comfort and neutral zones of various felid species studied, and that zoo exhibit microclimatic landscape design can be informed by thermoregulatory behaviour studies to promote thermal comfort and efficiency in captive felid species.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».