[Diagnostic value of hysterosalpingography in examination of Fallopian tubes in infertile women].
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
UNLABELLED: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a radiographic examination of endocervical canals, uterine cavity and Fallopian tube with the use of a radiographic contrast medium [1]. This method is an integral part of gynaecological examination and its value has not been underestimated in the modern gynaecological practice. GOAL OF THE STUDY: The goal of the study was to evaluate the reliability of HSG in the diagnosis of Fallopian tube and to compare the obtained results with laparoscopic findings. METHODS: The study included 140 infertile women. HSG was performed in the first half of the cycle, usually on the ninth day, without anaesthesia. The instruments after Schultze were used; 15 mL of Telebrix-contrast was used. Three radiograms were done. Laparoscopic examination was carried out in general endotracheal anaesthesia. A Storz laparoscope was used. CO2 was used for artificial pneumoperitoneum and indigolipstick for tube passage. The obtained findings were elaborated statistically. Descriptive and analytic models were used. p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 were considered as a risk factor of statistical significance. RESULTS: An approximate time interval between the two procedures was 5.18 months. Normal findings of HSG examination were noted in 53 women (37.9%); tube occlusion in 67 women (47.9%), and peritubal adhesion with tubal passage in 20 (14.3%) patients. A normal finding was found in 56 women (40.0%), tubal occlusion in 64 women (45.7%), and peritubal adhesion with tubal passage in 20 (14.3%) patients. HSG and laparoscopic findings regarding normal tubes were in agreement in 32 women (22.9%), tubal occlusion in 35 women (25.0%) and peritabal adhesion with tubal passage in 5 (3.6%) patients. The best sensitivity of HSG was observed in detection of proximal tubal occlusion (78%), and the smallest in occlusion with the accompanying adhesion (2%). The best specificity of HSG was noted in the diagnosis of combined occlusions (96%) and the smallest in tubal passage with peritubal adhesion (25%). There were 15% of false negative findings and 17.1% of false positive findings. DISCUSSION: The time interval from one to the other procedure can be considered as an important factor in laparoscopic confirmation or negative HSG findings. With the continuation of the time interval the conditions are made for the aggravation of old and occurrence of new pathological processes in genital internal female organs. The possible causes of differential diagnosis of tubal occlusion between HSG and laparoscopic examination might be: 1) unequal anaesthesia during HSG and laparoscopic examination; 2) different properties of contrast media; 3) anatomic variations in the width of lumen tubes; 4) erroneous interpretation of the results. The sensitivity of HSG in this study was different in various types of tubal passage. In other studies the sensitivity of HSG was from 65% [10] to 96%[7]. The high specificity was found during detection of combined tubal occlusion (96%). The results of other authors were similar [7, 10]. This is a good contribution to the statement that HSG is a useful test of tubal obstruction. A rather high percent of false positive results of HSG was established in this study. The possible reasons might be tubal spasm and endometrial polyp in the area of the uterine opening of the tubes. CONCLUSION: On the basis of the obtained results, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) HSG is a simple method for examination of female sterility; 2) HSG and laparoscopy are the complementary methods in the examination of tubal sterility; 3) HSG is inferior in relation to laparoscopy in the examination of peritubal adhesion.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,006 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».