Micronutrient Fortification for Older Adults in Long-Term Care: Sensory Considerations
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Micronutrient fortification can improve nutrient intake in older adults residing in long-term care (LTC). However, previous studies indicate that micronutrient fortification can alter food sensory attributes. This thesis investigates a potential micronutrient fortification program for older adults in LTC, with a focus on food sensory properties. A micronutrient powder containing 9 vitamins and 3 minerals was sourced from Calico Ingredients (ON, Canada). Four foods were identified as potential carriers: tomato soup, mushroom soup, mashed potatoes and oatmeal. The micronutrient powder was added to the selected foods in varying amounts to produce samples with different fortification levels. Preparation methods used in LTC were also taken into consideration during the initial screening of these foods. Napping® with ultra-flash profiling (UFP) was first used as a screening tool to identify sensory differences present in each of the four selected foods. Descriptive Analysis was then completed for two foods – tomato soup and oatmeal. Sensory differences with fortification were identified in both foods. The acceptability and perception of these foods by younger (age 18-40, n=64) and older (age 65+, n=65) adults was completed using hedonic scales and check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions. Subgroups of participants with different patterns of liking were identified using agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (AHC). This was completed separately for each age group and for each of the two foods evaluated. In each case, three distinct consumer subgroups with different patterns of liking were identified. CATA and hedonic liking results were evaluated separately for each subgroup; differences in the way these subgroups described and rated food samples were identified. Finally, sensory acuity was evaluated in all participants to determine whether differences in taste and smell sensitivity existed between liking subgroups. Olfactory sensitivity was found to differ between older adult (OA) tomato soup subgroups. Mean olfactory score was lower for the subgroup that disliked fortified foods compared to the subgroup that experienced no change in liking. This research provides information about the sensory properties of selected fortified foods, and their acceptability to older adult consumers. The role of age and sensory acuity on liking of these foods was also evaluated.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».