A Survey of Acute Q Fever among Patients with Brucellosis-Like and Atypical Pneumonia Symptoms Who Are Referred to Qaemshahr Razi Hospital in Northern Iran (2014-2015)
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
<p><strong>INTRODUCTION</strong><strong>:</strong> Coxiella burnetii is the etiologic agent of the zoonotic disease of Q fever which causes lots of morbidities and mortalities every year. The main route of human infection is inhalation of contaminated aerosols; however, consumption of contaminated dairy products is the second cause. Mazandaran province is one of the main livestock centers of the country and consumption of raw dairy in the region is quite common. There isn’t any data about Q fever incidence in this region. It seems that most cases are undiagnosed. Our main target is to prove existence of Q fever human cases in Mazandaran province. We evaluated suspect Q fever cases to demonstrate its incidence and identify the risk factors.</p><p><strong>MATERIAL </strong><strong>&amp; METHODS</strong>: In this cross-sectional study, 56 Patients including 36 patients with brucellosis-like systemic symptoms identified by negative Wright, Coomb's Wright and 2-mercaptoethanol tests as well as 20 patients with symptoms of atypical pneumonia who did not respond to conventional therapy were enrolled. At the beginning of hospitalization and 3-4 weeks later, 10cc blood was obtained from each of 56 patients who referred for a second blood sampling. Demographic, epidemiological, and clinical manifestations of Q fever and clinical changes were completed for each patient. The samples were evaluated quantitatively in terms of the presence of phase II IgG antibodies against Coxiella burnetii by ELISA method. Acute Q fever was confirmed by line-sero conversion (change of antibody from negative to positive) or fourfold antibody rising titer in each patient. The presence of primary and secondary seropositive samples and absence of line-sero conversion (change of antibody from negative to positive) or fourfold increase in antibody titer was considered as previous infection.</p><p><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The prevalence rate of acute Q fever in 56 patients with 2nd blood sample was 5.3%. There was no history of tick bite, while in 100% of cases there were risk factors such as a history of residence near animal care centers as well as a history of consumption of raw dairy products (P = 0/001). 23.2% had a previous history of Q fever infection, out of which 25.8% lived in rural areas. Among people with risk factors of keeping domestic animals, living close to animal care centers and animal abortion, the prevalence rate of previous infection was higher compared to those who did not have these risk factors.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>: </strong>Since most of the patients with acute Q fever have no specific symptom, health care providers do not suspect acute Q fever disease. In this study, it was demonstrated that infection is either directly or indirectly associated with increase in environmental risk factors including contact with livestock and its products. Our study proved that Q fever is endemic in Mazandaran province. In order to have an accurate diagnosis and proper management, clinicians should be aware of existence of this disease in the region. Because of the climate of northern Iran and easy transportation of contaminated particles, appropriate measures should be taken to control and prevent this disease.</p>
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».