Geometrical effect on the behaviour of embankment on soft ground
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Many embankments constructed on soft ground are susceptible to failure and large settlements due to its low strength soil condition. Geosynthetics are used effectively as a reinforced material to increase the shear strength, and stiffness of the reinforced embankment and consequently, to reduce the total and differential settlements. In the first part of the study, four different cases of embankments with and without reinforcement, constructed on soft and stiff grounds were studied through small-scale physical modeling using centrifuge test and numerical modeling using finite element simulation. Comparison between the results using both finite element models and centrifuge tests was carried out to validate and identifies the reliability of the finite element method. In centrifuge test, a model scale with various sizes was simulated to a constant full-scale dimension using different acceleration fields. The results show the different deformation behavior for these different embankment cases and indicate the significant effect of the geosynthetics reinforcement on increasing the stability of embankment. The comparison analysis presents a good agreement between results of these two methods. It validated the finite element technique in analysis of different embankment cases. The second part of the study focus on the geometrical effects on the behavior and failure mechanism of embankments. Two full-scale case history embankments in Malaysia and Canada, the Muar trial embankment and Vernon highway embankment were verified. Three dimensional effects on Muar trial embankment were evaluated by comparing the results of two and three-dimensional analysis, in terms of predicted displacements, lateral movements, excess pore pressure, factor of safety, and failure height of the embankment fill. Moreover, this study attempt to evaluate the boundary limits for the applicability of two and three-dimensional analyses by determining the suitable geometry configuration of embankment in utilizing the geotechnical analysis. The ratio of the calculated failure height of three to two dimensional Finite Element analyses (Hf,3D/Hf,2D) has been determine for embankment cases with different base aspect ratio of the length to width (L/B). Two shape-factor equations related to the bearing capacity of spread footings and safety factor of embankments also utilized to account for the geometrical behavior of the embankment regards to its geometrical configuration. Results of three-dimensional analyses have better agreement with the actual field measurements. It is concluded that neglecting the three dimensional effects could mislead the design of the embankment in some condition. In conclusion, it is recommended that for “long embankment” with the length to width ratio more than two (L/B > 2), it may appropriate to use two-dimensional analysis as the three-dimensional safety factor converges to two dimensional safety factor. For “short embankment” with the length to width ratio less than two (L/B < 2), three dimensional effects on the embankment behavior becomes considerably great and should be considered as important factor in design and analysis of embankments.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».