Who Cares? Women's Work, Childcare, and Welfare State Redesign. (Book Reviews/Comptes Rendus)

Jane Jenson and Mariette Sineau with seven contributing authors, Who Cares? Women's Work, Childcare, and Welfare State Redesign. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2001, 289 pp. This is a nine-chapter book with contributions from nine social scientists. However five of chapters are co-written by Jane Jenson and Mariette Sineau, including introductory and concluding chapters that give book analytical and theoretical coherence. Jane Jenson's work is well known Canada, and central thesis of Who Cares?, that welfare state redesign since early 1980s has been accompanied by a shift foundational principles of (p. 262), was previously elaborated a series of publications (e.g., Jenson and Phillips, 1996; Jenson, 1997). This particular book began a study commissioned by Caisses Nationales des Allocations Familiales, the public body France most responsible for implementing family (p. ix). Mariette Sineau is a French political scientist and director of research Conseil national de recherche scientifique. Jenson and Sineau define regime as widely accepted ideas about relationship between citizen and state and balance of power among state, market, and community (p.24l; a more institutional definition is found on p. 8). Their objective Who Cares? is to examine ways which a key value of citizenship, that of equality -- particularly gender equality -- has been taken into account or ignored redesign of childcare services these neo-liberal times (p. 8). Childcare is thus not of intrinsic interest this book; rather childcare is a strategically selected policy domain that provides a window into ... recomposition of citizenship (p. 211). In keeping with this objective, authors interpretively read details of changes childcare policies and changing representations of gender expressed debates about childcare policies indicators of modifications very principles underpinning (p. 242). The book employs a nested case study design. At primary level of policy domain, one case (childcare) is selected for study. At secondary level of political unit, five cases of childcare are selected: Belgium, France, Italy, Sweden and European Union. For each political unit, childcare policies and gender representations accompanying policies are studied over time, with particular emphasis on period from early 1970s to 1990s. Jenson and Sineau then systematically compare findings for five political units. They conclude that there is convergence five cases towards a set of basic principles childcare provision: less costly services, decentralization of service provision from central government to local authorities, increased diversification programs available and conditions of access to them, greater flexibility use of childcare, and individualization of (p. 16). In general, childcare policies have shifted in direction of privileging m arkets and individual citizens' market power to choose (p. 255). They interpret this evidence that regimes of redesigned welfare states are of a fundamentally different character than regimes of post-war Keynesian welfare state: choice has replaced equality principal value and market has replaced state dominant sector (p. …

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