SA109. Examining Reward Responsiveness and Expectancy Across a Dimension of Motivation Deficits in Schizophrenia
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: Anhedonia has long been associated with schizophrenia (SZ); however, the true nature of this deficit remains elusive. Given the role of hedonic capacity within the larger motivational framework, we sought to examine reward responsiveness (RR) and reward expectancy (RE) across a spectrum of motivation deficits in SZ (Study 1). Further, we sought to better understand the relationship between hedonic capacity and specific facets of the motivational system (Study 2). Methods: In study 1, RR and RE were assessed using the self-report Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) in a sample of 72 SZ patients and 74 healthy controls. In study 2, 99 healthy undergraduate students completed the TEPS as well as objective measures of RR, RE, reward valuation, effort valuation, and goal-directed decision-making using the International Affective Picture System (IAPS), Cued Reinforcement Reaction Time (CRRT) task, Kirby Delay Discounting (DD) task, Virtual Reality Progressive Ratio (ViPR) task, and the Multitasking in the City Test (MCT), respectively. Further, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) was administered to characterize subclinical schizotypal traits. In both studies, the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) was used to characterize participants into low, moderate, and high amotivation groups. Results: In both studies, a multivariate analysis of variance revealed a main effect of amotivation such that participants with high levels of amotivation reported significantly lower levels of RR and RE compared to those at low and moderate levels (Study 1: F(4, 280) = 2.962, P = .02, η2 = .041; Study 2: F(4, 170) = 4.453, P = .002, η2 = .095). In Study 1, an interaction effect revealed that patients with moderate levels of amotivation endorsed significantly higher levels of RE compared to healthy controls at the same level, and to patients at both low and high levels of amotivation (F(2) = 2.674, P = .007). In Study 2, correlational analyses revealed that both RR (r = .32, P = .002) and RE (r = .38, P < .001) were correlated with IAPS pleasantness ratings. Further, RE was correlated with IAPS arousal ratings on the IAPS (r = .33, P = .001) and the ViPR task (r = −.25, P = .032). RE (r = −.37, P < .001) and IAPS pleasantness (r = −.31, P = .003) and arousal (r = −.34, P = .001) ratings were also correlated with the negative subscale of the SPQ. Conclusion: Overall, the results of both studies suggest that impairments in RR and RE emerge exclusively in individuals with high levels of motivation deficits, regardless of diagnosis. Further, Study 1 illustrates the complex relationship between self-reported RE, amotivation, and diagnosis. Correlational analyses in Study 2 suggest that emotional arousal and cost–benefit analyses are related to the evaluation of prospective rewards on the TEPS. Going forward, utilizing both subjective and objective measures of hedonic capacity may serve to further our understanding of the nuances of motivation and reward system impairments in SZ.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».