Models for Calculating Organic and Inorganic Porosities in Shale Oil Reservoirs
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The objective of this study is to present methods for calculating organic and inorganic porosities in shale oil reservoirs. This is achieved by combining density, neutron and NMR logs as well as laboratory geochemical and synthetic geochemical properties of organic matter. The study also presents methods for calculating these porosities when all the above data are not available. This is important as data scarcity is a common problem in most shale reservoirs. Shales are generally composed by clays, inorganic matrix, organic matter and natural fractures. In this study, responses of density, neutron, and NMR logs are written in terms of properties of each shale component including clays, solid and porous volume for both inorganic (including natural fractures) and organic matter. Different analytical models are built depending on available input data and the approach used to convert weight total organic carbon (TOC) to TOC volume percentage. However, as is usually the case, the availability of different sources of information including geochemical data, routine and/or special core analysis will enhance the validity of the interpretation. Models developed in this study indicate that organic porosity results (intrinsic and scaled to total volume) are very consistent with values measured in the laboratory and values reported in the literature. There are three approaches for converting weight TOC to percent volume TOC. Our results show that these three approaches have to be used carefully. Their indiscriminate use can lead to errors as the organic porosity is very sensitive to the TOC transformation. The organic porosity is also very sensitive to properties assumed for each component of the reservoir rock. Depending on petrophysical and reservoir engineering needs, the organic porosity can be easily scaled to the volume of only the organic matter (intrinsic organic porosity) or to the bulk volume (total organic porosity) of the total system. In addition to organic porosity, the models developed in this study also allow calculating kerogen volume and its respective solid portion, allowing thus an estimate of solid kerogen and porosity within the kerogen material. Furthermore, the models also allow calculating inorganic porosity (matrix plus natural fractures). Unlike current models that use separately conventional logs or NMR logs to calculate the porosity associated with organic matter, this study integrates all these logs as well as laboratory and synthetic geochemical properties of organic matter to develop new methods for estimating rigorously-scaled organic porosity.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».