Field Treatment of an Injector Well in a Sandstone Formation Using a Low Corrosive Environmentally Friendly Fluid that Does Not Require Flow-Back
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Throughout a waterflood project, injector wells can experience scale build up mostly related to formation-water incompatibilities; as a consequence, injectivity index (II) decreases and vertical conformance can suffer leading to poor sweep efficiency. Stimulation treatments are required to reestablish well injectivity; usually Hydrochloric acid and Regular Mud Acid are used in sandstone reservoirs. Such treatments involve a number of difficulties such as handling highly corrosive fluids, risk of clay instability, secondary reactions and time-consuming flowback of spent treatment in low pressure reservoirs. Recently, a novel chemical was identified to effectively dissolve scale obstructions in injector wells while avoiding the operational constrains found in traditional acidizing jobs, including the need of flowback. Fluids containing the environmentally friendly chelating agent Glutamic acid N, N diacetic acid (GLDA), were tested in the laboratory under downhole conditions to evaluate the dissolution of a scale sample from the field composed by Fe2O3 and CaSO4. Additionally, core-flood, compatibility and corrosion tests were carried out to evaluate the interaction with clays, formation and well's metallurgy. Results showed effective dissolution of the scale sample, while being fully compatible with formation clays and fluids which indicated that the treatment could be left downhole and pushed into the formation without causing further formation damage. Furthermore, corrosion tests showed no need of corrosion inhibitor for a low carbon tubular under tested conditions. Field implementation took place in an on-shore injector well completed selectively with injection valves between packers. A two stage treatment was designed; the target of the first phase was cleaning out the injection valve itself and the tubing-casing annular space of this interval, and the second stage aimed the dissolution of scale located in the perforations and deeper into the formation. Step rate tests were performed before and after the treatment to evaluate well injectivity. Low injection treatment rates and soaking allowed enough time for the GLDA to effectively dissolve the scale obstruction along the treated interval; spent treatment was pushed further into formation once regular water injection was reestablished with a 51% increase in its injectivity index. The use of GLDA in the field was considered cost-effective due to the lack of additives, no need for of N2 to kick-off flow-back, nor flow-back fluids neutralization and disposal.
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Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».