The Impact of Adolescent Pertussis Immunization, 2004-2009: Lessons from Australia/L'impact De la Vaccination Contre la Coqueluche Chez Les Adolescents, 2004-2009: Les Lecons Donnees Par l'Australie/ Estudio En Centros De Atencion Al Paciente Para El Diagnostico De Sarampion: Deteccion De Anticuerpos IgM Y Acido Nucleico Viral Especificos del Sarampion
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Introduction Australia has seen large numbers of pertussis notifications in adolescents and adults over the past 10 to 15 years, as have some North American and European countries with long-standing high coverage for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccines in childhood immunization programmes. (1-3) DTP vaccines have been in general use in Australia since the 1950s, (4-6) but because of concern about the possible adverse effects of the whole-cell pertussis component, (7) during the 1970s and 1980s DTP vaccine was frequently substituted with diphtheria-tetanus (DT) vaccine, and this led to a partially immunized cohort. (8) Members of this cohort, which was also the last to not be eligible to receive the pre-school DTP booster added to the immunization schedule in 1994, (9) figured prominently in successive epidemics between 1993 and 2002. A similar cohort effect has been observed in Canada. (3) School outbreaks were also frequent at this time. (10) Acellular vaccines replaced the Australian-manufactured whole-cell vaccine for booster doses in 1997 and for all doses in 1999, and 95% coverage with three doses of this new vaccine (at 2, 4 and 6 months) by 2 years of age was attained within 4 years. (11) The availability of a well formulated triple vaccine with an acellular pertussis component (Boostrix [Tdap], GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, England) and the recognition that pertussis incidence in adolescents was increasing prompted the National Immunisation Programme to begin using Tdap on 1 January 2004 instead of the reduced antigen diphtheria-tetanus (Td) booster dose previously recommended at age 15 to 17 years). (12) Delivery of Tdap vaccine was primarily school-based, with limited doses also available in primary care. Although several countries, including Canada, France, Germany and the United States of America, have added an adolescent booster dose to their list of recommended immunizations, reports of the impact of adolescent pertussis vaccine programmes has been limited to early and/or regional data. (13-17) The aim of this study was to compare the long-term impact of the approaches used in Australia--vaccinating a one-year age cohort versus the entire high school, with and without continued immunization of high school entrants--in the context of known historical differences in pertussis epidemic cycles by region. (6) Our findings have implications for countries considering the introduction of Tdap boosters for children and adolescents 10 to 18 years of age. Methods We conducted a series of ecologic analyses of trends in pertussis notifications by age group, using relative incidence by time period, epidemic cycle and estimated vaccine coverage, to compare notification rates in relevant age cohorts. Data sources and methods of estimation for these analyses are described in the following sections. Vaccine coverage Immunization programme managers from each Australian state and territory provided coverage data from school-based delivery programmes for the period between January 2004 and December 2009. No data were available on vaccines administered outside the school setting, but these were thought to represent a small proportion of the doses administered. Pertussis notification before and after Tdap Notifications to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System with an onset date between 1 January 1999 and 31 December 2009 were eligible for this analysis. Pertussis cases are notifiable in every Australian jurisdiction under public health legislation. The criteria for notification are nationally uniform and include a combination of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory evidence. Laboratory evidence rests on culture of Bordetella pertussis or on the detection of B. pertussis by nucleic acid testing or single point serology. Since 1993, all public and private laboratories have been required to notify all persons testing positive on diagnostic tests for pertussis to public health authorities. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,003 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».