Diagnosing Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Economic and Policy Implications
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a range of physical and neurobehavioral disabilities that is the result of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy.FAS and its related disabilities are significant socio-economic concerns to Canadians and is thought to be prevalent in Saskatchewan.Often, diagnosis is necessary for access to services that will improve outcome of affected individuals and their families.This thesis was designed to determine an estimate of some economic costs associated with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and its related disabilities to Saskatchewan and to determine why (and if) FAS is underdiagnosed in Saskatchewan.Economic costs to social services, justice, education, and health were estimated using provincial budgets and estimated prevalence rates of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and its related disabilities.A case-based method was also used.The economic estimates suggested that prenatal alcohol exposure is costing the province of Saskatchewan $41.1 million per year.More specifically, costs to social services, justice, education, and health were estimated to be $5.9 million, $17.6 million, $0.26 million, and $20.3 million, respectively.Based upon population estimates, the total costs ofFAS and its related disabilities to Saskatchewan may reach $XX million by the year 2021.Physicians, especially general practitioners, are often the first line of contact for FAS affected individuals and their families.Previous data suggest that physicians may not feel comfortable caring for affected individuals and their families, nor do they have the knowledge necessary to make effective and reliable FAS-related diagnoses or referrals for diagnosis.Study 2 was designed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Saskatchewan general practitioners with respect to FAS and its related disabilities.Survey questions were based upon a survey performed in 1992.Data suggest that FAS is underdiagnosed in Saskatchewan and that general practitioners do not feel comfortable caring for affected individuals or their families.Data also suggest that Saskatchewan general practitioners do not have adequate knowledge to make effective FAS diagnoses or referrals, although some report that they have diagnosed FAS.There were no significant effects of place of practice, university appointment, or graduation year on knowledge about FAS.Finally, data suggest that, in a ten-year period, knowledge levels with respect to FAS have not increased but the number of physicians making referrals for diagnosis has increased.Together these data suggest that FAS costs Saskatchewan a significant number of dollars and that effective intervention programs may mitigate some of these costs.However, services are based upon need, and need is defined through comprehensive diagnostic assessments, but physicians need more education and training with respect to the diagnosis ofFAS and its related disabilities.2.1.2FASIFAEand the Education System 2.1.3FASIFAEand Health Systems and Services 32 2.1.4FASIFAEand Social Services 2.1.S0ther Costs 2.2 Study Objectives 34 2.3 Methods 35 2.4 Results , 36 2.4.1Justice36 2.4.2SocialServices 39 2.4.3Education40 v 2.4.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».