Environmental Unit During Transboundary Spill Response: A Model for Training ICS Implementation During International Spills
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
#396 ABSTRACT The Environmental Unit (EU) is an important central function in the Incident Command System (ICS) within which key decisions are made and timing of certain critical response decisions is driven or influenced. Examples include such issues as managing waste, determining divisions, sharing data on resources at risk, establishing a shoreline assessment program, setting response treatment priorities, and determining treatment endpoints which in most cases sets the timing for when an active response is considered complete. Additionally, the EU serves as a central hub or nexus for many of the key sections and units within ICS, as many of the issues and work done within the EU are cross-cutting and involve components from the Operations Section, Planning Section, Logistics, Command Staff (Liaison and Safety Officers), etc. The unique nature of the EU provides a prime opportunity to train ICS concepts and good practices of implementation by focusing training on the EU and how it functions. The primary structural elements of ICS, including the Planning P cycle, the development of an Incident Action Plan, management by Objectives, development of Strategies and Tactics from those Command Objectives, making recommendations based on command priorities, and many more can be illustrated through targeted EU training. In the Salish Sea region of North America, there is close interaction between the key response agencies at the Federal and State/Provincial levels to prepare for transboundary responses by aligning response methods and practices. This coordination focuses to a great degree on cross-training on ICS: its structure and functions and more importantly its implementation. To that end, several Canadian and U.S. agencies have been coordinating for a number of years on providing joint, international ICS EU training for its responders on both sides of the border, with the goal of aligning ICS implementation. This joint international EU training program started in 2011 and has progressed since. This paper will examine other examples of this training program and identify some of its benefits, such as helping drive policy development on both sides of the border; and will highlight some case studies of responses where this training facilitated EU functions. This paper will also identify some challenges remaining in the differences between how ICS is implemented between these two nations, in particular the concept of the Science Table in the Canadian ICS implementation, and some suggestions for improvements moving forward.
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Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,006 | 0,007 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,004 | 0,004 |
| Science ouverte | 0,003 | 0,005 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,023 | 0,003 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».