THEORETICAL PREDICTION AND STUDIES OF SELECTED NOVEL MATERIALS UNDER AMBIENT AND EXTREME CONDITIONS
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The development of powerful computer algorithms that are specialized at exploring the energy landscape of chemical systems has revolutionized chemical physics and its derived disciplines. Such algorithms that ranges from random search to genetic algorithm are capable of uncovering a geometric configuration for a combination of chemical elements with minimum energy. The unbiased particle swarm-intelligence optimization algorithm extends the capabilities of the genetic algorithm by incorporating social intelligence through particle communication. Social communication during energy surface exploration improves the efficiency and convergence of the algorithm by preventing prediction of similar-energy structures. Particle swarm-intelligence optimization algorithm is capable of solving crystal structure problems and predicting novel crystal structures across dimensions ranging from 0D (clusters) to 3D bulk solids at specific pressure. In this study, the particle swarm-intelligence optimization algorithm was used to study and solve crystal structure problems relating to two classes of materials of industrial significance – high energy density materials and bimetallic nanoclusters. As a significant step towards solving the problem of finding a single-bonded allotrope of nitrogen, we discuss the prediction and characterization of this member of very important class of material – high energy density materials (HEDMs). A new allotrope of nitrogen formed solely by N−N single bonds is predicted to exist between 100 and 150 GPa using the metadynamics algorithm with a biased potential. The crystal structure is characterized by a distorted tetrahedral network consisting of fused N8, N10, and N12 rings. Stability of the structure is established by phonon and vibrational free energy calculations at zero and finite temperatures, respectively. The simulated x-ray diffraction pattern of the new phase is compared to the pattern of a recently synthesized nitrogen phase at the same P-T conditions and an excellent agreement is observed. This suggests the new phase is likely to form above the stability field of cubic gauche (cg) phase. The outstanding metastability of the new phase is attributed to the intrinsic stability of the sp3 bonding as well as the energetically favorable dihedral angles between N−N single bonds, in either gauche or trans conformation. The results of this work after the lab-synthesized cg phase will stimulate new research on metastable phases of nitrogen and their applications as environment-friendly HEDMs. Furthermore, in the second part of this thesis, bimetallic cluster growth is theoretically explored up to the bulk phase. Small clusters provide a unique medium between a single atom and the bulk crystal. Preliminary theoretical and experimental results show that the geometric structures and electronic properties of clusters often differ radically from those of the solid state. Here, a first-principles investigation to explore the growth mechanism of bimetallic clusters AlnAun (n=1-10) and AlAu crystal structures is carried out. It was found that the tetrahedral Al2Au2 cluster can serve as the building block to construct the subsequent nanomaterials as a function of the cluster size until the AlAu bulk. The results in this work provide a clear illustration of how structure evolve from a two-atom particle to multi-atom nanoclusters, and to 3D bulk element. Continued experimental and theoretical studies of these AlnAun clusters may lead to the discovery of how properties transform from a particle to the bulk phase which has important technological implications in electronics, engineering and catalysis.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».