AB020. 3D scaffolds for optic nerve regeneration
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: Regeneration of nerves or nerve bundles is problematic mainly due to issues of nerves finding their target tissues. A very clear example of this is the lack of treatments for traumatic injury to the optic nerve, something that is associated with surgery or trauma to the skull. Nerve guides have been used to support this for the better part of the last century, unfortunately the clinical improvements in patients receiving this sort of treatment is poor. Large improvements to the type of nerve guides used are needed to make this a viable solution for repair. It has been shown that electrostimulation of cells on conductive polymers can have positive effects on nerve regeneration. There are several material innovations that improve on speed of nerve regeneration; conductive polymer coatings being one example. There are constant improvements on solutions for nerve regeneration in many fields, unfortunately combining these different solutions is often slow. We combine electrospinning, 3D printing and surface modification. Electrospinning allows control over fibrous structures. We tune the surface properties using conductive polymer coatings. The conductive fibrous structure can be integrated in a larger 3D printed scaffold that takes the role of guiding the nerve bundle. Methods: For manufacture of aligned fibers, PCL in chloroform was electrospun on a rotating mandrel. Random fibers were collected on a flat stationary collector. Dip coating was performed by submerging the fibrous scaffold in a solution of PEDOT:PSS in water and isopropanol. An outer layer of PEDOT:tosylate was added using vapor phase polymerization (VPP). 3D printing was performed using an ink consisting of 0.25% alginate and 8.75% gelatin. The ink was cross-linked after printing using 0.4% CaCl 2 . Cell cultures were performed using chick dorsal root ganglia and a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. Ganglia and cells were seeded on the fibrous scaffolds. Electrostimulation was performed using a custom set up at constant DC current and slow pulsed DC current (1 min on off cycle) Materials were imaged using scanning electron microscopy. Cell cultures were stained using ICC and imaged with fluorescence microscopy. Results: All of the materials supported cell growth and neurite extension to some degree. The materials that were coated with PEDOT:tosylate and a combination of PEDOT:tosylate + PEDOT:PSS outperformed the PSS only group. Stimulation with a slow pulsed or constant DC current increased neurite extension on the negative pole, while there was inhibition of neurite growth on the opposite pole. The 3D printed outer layer serves as a biocompatible, bioactive support and guide for the bundle of neurites. Conclusions: The nerve guides can guide nerve growth. The 3D printed scaffold is cell friendly. The construct allows electrostimulation to increase speed of regeneration.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».