Pre and postnatal maternal distress and infant gut immunity in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Introduction: Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) plays a critical role in gut mucosal immunity and is a marker of immune maturation in early life. Delayed IgA production is associated with increased risk of allergic diseases. Animal models of stressful events before birth and during infancy show changes in the maternal vaginal microbiome and in intestinal microbial composition of offspring. A human study found infants born to mothers with greater prenatal stress more likely to have gut dysbiosis, imbalance in microbial composition, but there is a gap in literature on stress-microbiome-immunity pathways in humans. This study investigated differences in infant fecal sIgA levels according to the depression and stress status of the mother pre and postnatally. Methods: Data were obtained from a sub-sample of 403 term infants from the Vancouver, Edmonton and Winnipeg sites of the general cohort in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) Study. Mothers of the infants were enrolled during pregnancy and were asked to report stress and depressive symptoms through scored-scales administered to the general CHILD cohort at several time points throughout pregnancy and postpartum. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale ascertained depressive symptoms, and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) determined perceived stress. Infant stool samples were collected at a mean age of 3.8 months, and fecal sIgA levels were measured using the Immundiagnostik sIgA ELISA kit. Using IBM SPSS version 24, Mann-Whitney U-tests detected median differences in IgA levels according to maternal distress status, and logistic regression models estimated the odds of lowest and highest quartile, lowest tertile and below median sIgA in infants. Results: About 12% of women had prenatal depressive symptoms, 9% had symptoms postpartum and 9% had symptoms both pre and postnatally. With perceived stress scores in the highest quartile, 16.7% of mothers fell in this category at prenatal only, 10.2% for postnatal only and 18.7% for both pre and postnatal. Mothers with any depressive symptoms had infants with significantly lower sIgA compared to mothers without symptoms (p=0.004). Median sIgA levels are 6.3 (IQR=3.6 – 12.4) mg/g feces, 5.2 (IQR = 2.0 – 9.8) mg/g feces, 5.7 (IQR = 2.6 – 8.6) mg/g feces, 4.4 (IQR = 2.4 – 8.0) mg/g feces for exposure to less symptoms (below cut-off), prenatal, postnatal, both pre and postnatal symptoms respectively, which are mutually exclusive categories. Median sIgA levels with higher stress were not significantly different compared to the reference group, but after stratification for the presence of other children and pets at home, significant differences were seen when the mother had both pre and postnatal higher stress. The odds of low fecal sIgA was 3.07 times higher when the mother had both pre and postnatal symptoms (95% CI: 1.25 – 7.55) compared to less symptoms (reference group), after controlling for infant age, antibiotics exposure, maternal asthma or allergy, prenatal SSRI use, pets, breastfeeding and gravida. In the same model, the odds ratio for prenatal only depressive symptoms was 2.44 (95% CI: 1.07 – 5.57). No significant odds ratios were found with higher perceived stress. Conclusion: Infants born to mothers with higher levels of depressive symptoms and perceived stress appear to have lower fecal sIgA levels independent of various study covariates. Due to the association with lower sIgA and possibly changes in the infant gut microbiome, maternal distress may put infants at higher risk of later development of allergic diseases.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».