Behaviour and Neural Indices of the Abuse Liability associated with Intraoral Self-administration of High Fructose Corn Syrup
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Food addiction (FA) is characterized by addictive behaviours including compulsively eating and neurobiological alterations that emerge in response to consuming food. Evidence strongly suggests sucrose is addictive; however, this sweetener has been almost entirely replaced by high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in food/drink. Interestingly, HFCS impairs metabolic function and its introduction into the food supply is linked to the emergence of a concurrent epidemic of obesity; yet, little is known about its addictive properties. Therefore, we investigated its abuse liability and characterized these effects relative to sucrose. Using a novel procedure for sugar self-administration (SA), intraoral SA (IOSA) of HFCS was concentration dependent and supported by caloric content. Repeated IOSA led to escalation of intake, bingeing, and enhanced motivation to lever-press, indicating HFCS is reinforcing and possesses abuse liability. Moreover, compared to sucrose, HFCS alters expression of dopamine-2 (D2R) and mu-opioid (MOR) receptor mRNA in a manner putatively associated with exposure to drugs of abuse and the development of addiction. This occurred despite lower levels of HFCS SA, suggesting it may have more potent reinforcing effects and greater abuse liability. Likewise, SA of pellets mimicking HFCS engendered less hypothalamic activation than sucrose; in line with evidence that high fructose sugars may contribute to poor appetite regulation and possibly excessive intake. Bupropion (BUP) and naltrexone (NTX) were investigated with respect to their ability to reduce HFCS SA when administered alone, because they diminish the reinforcing properties of abused drugs, and in combination (BUP+NTX), to mimic the pharmacological actions of Contrave®, used to enhance weight-loss. BUP+NTX and NTX reduced IOSA of HFCS and upregulated expression of anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA in the hypothalamus. Moreover, compared to drugs of abuse or IOSA of HFCS alone, the addition of BUP+NTX led to opposing effects on DR2 and MOR mRNA expression, suggesting novel applications for Contrave® in treating FA or substance related abuse disorders. Together, these studies provide novel evidence that HFCS is addictive and support adopting policies that may limit its availability to reduce the potential harm associated with HFCS consumption as well as curb rising rates of obesity in vulnerable individuals.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».