ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN AT TWO SCHOOL BASED HEALTH CENTERS (SBHCS): A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract BACKGROUND The number of school-aged children diagnosed with ADHD in Canada has been on the rise over the past three decades. Evidence suggests that children with ADHD dealing with risk factors, such as poverty and prolonged wait-times are more likely to have poorer outcomes due to challenges in accessing healthcare services. Schools are ideal for the early identification of children with ADHD, as they are often the setting in which attention and behavioural issues come to light. School-Based Health Centres (SBHCs) are embedded within the school system and are an ideal entry point for children with ADHD into the healthcare system. OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence of ADHD and as well as demographic characteristics and time to assessment of children at two inner-city SBHCs in Toronto. DESIGN/METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed on 869 children from November 2010- March 2016 from two SBHCs. Frequency measures were used to determine the proportion of children that received a new diagnosis of ADHD. Within this population, the patient’s age, gender, ethnicity, parental income, home arrangement, parental education and newcomer status were described. Diagnostic wait-times within the SBHC were calculated using two specific data points – a child’s first clinic visit data and the clinic date they saw a general paediatrician, who would provide the ADHD diagnosis. RESULTS Of the 869 children, 9.6% of children received a new diagnosis of ADHD. The mean age of diagnosis was 7.6 years and 80% of the children were male. 74.6% of children’s families identified them as an ethnicity other than white. 60.2% of the patients’ household income was <$30,000/year. 44.5% of the families were composed of single-parent households. 52.8% of the patients’ mothers and 47.6% of fathers had completed a high school level of education or less. 34% of the children were not born in Canada, and of those, 57% had been in the country for only 0–3 years. The average wait time for a child to see a general paediatrician for a developmental assessment from initial visit date was 62.3 days. CONCLUSION The prevalence of ADHD at 2 SBHCs was higher than that reported in the general population. A number of barriers to health care access were identified in this cohort of children including low income, single parent homes and newcomer status. SBHCs serve as an accessible health care model that can provide timely diagnosis and management to vulnerable children with ADHD which may improve outcomes.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,006 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».