Exploring the potential of strontium isotope analysis to detect archaeological migration events in Southern Ontario, Canada
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This dissertation examines the potential of strontium isotope analysis to detect archaeological migration events in southern Ontario, Canada. It is the first study of strontium isotope analysis of white-tailed deer teeth conducted in Canada, with previous research making use of stable isotope analysis and archaeological and ethnohistorical evidence to investigate mobility. Southern Ontario has a rich archaeological record with a long history of mobility studies making it an ideal setting in which to investigate the potential of this method. In pursuit of this, the range of variation in bioavailable ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values in southern Ontario was established to create an isotopic baseline. Three models detailing the range of variation in ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values were created: a proxy model using previously published ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values of geological substrates; a theoretical model using previously published equations to establish potential bioavailable ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values; and an experimental model using white-tailed deer teeth recovered from archaeological sites in southern Ontario. Three hundred and twenty one samples of core enamel from 104 white-tailed deer teeth recovered from 31 different archaeological sites in southern Ontario were prepared for strontium isotope analysis to characterize the bioavailable strontium. Sites were located in traditional Huron-Wendat and Neutral territory dating from A.D. 75-1651. The underlying geology in the region dates to the Palaeozoic era (~542MYA to 251MYA) and contains limestone, sandstone, dolomite and shale with trace amounts of other rocks and minerals (e.g., arkose). A variety of types of sediment and soil overlay the bedrock including sand, clay, silt, gravel, and glacial till dating to the Quaternary period (2.6MYA to present) while elevation ranges from 49 to 542 meters above sea level. The amount of variation within and between white-tailed deer teeth was also examined with serial samples analyzed from multiple lophs on the same tooth, as well as from different types of teeth (e.g., first, second and third molars) from the same individual. Strontium isotope analysis was found to be of limited utility to investigate mobility within groups originating from southern Ontario (e.g., the Huron-Wendat and Neutral) with minimal variation present. However, distinction between populations from different geographic areas (e.g., Northern Iroquoians, Iroquoians, Europeans, Algonquians) remains feasible. Similarly, the strontium isotope composition within white-tailed deer teeth is relatively homogenous making them a viable sample for strontium isotope analysis. However, small differences between types of teeth were noted suggesting that white-tailed deer behaviour and seasonality are influential. Cultural factors such as white-tailed deer acquisition and type of site (e.g., village, hamlet) also impact strontium isotope analysis and should be considered in any study making use of this method.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».