An Investigation of Potential Weed Management Practices and Multivariate Assessment Parameters for Alberta's Oil Sands Reclamation Efforts
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Reclamation efforts that promote the re-establishment of native tree and plant communities subsequent of large-scale oil sands mining land disturbances are crucial in restoring natural ecosystems. It is important that reclamation procedures capable of facilitating the establishment of native species be identified and put into practice. The objective of the first study was to determine plant community development and aspen seedling establishment in response to different combinations of coversoil types and experimental plant establishment treatments on an oil sands overburden waste area. Eighteen field plots, established in 2014, were re-monitored annually to compare plant community development and trembling aspen seedling density on 3 coversoil types (forest floor-mineral mix [FFMM], transitional, peat-mineral mix [PMM]) with 4 plant establishment treatments (seeding native species, weeding undesirable weeds, seeding & weeding, control). Coversoil type was found to be a dominant plant community driver, with FFMM and transitional soils showing higher species richness, diversity, and total vegetation cover than PMM, while PMM supported greater aspen seedling densities. Minimal weed establishment on PMM coversoils resulted in weeding treatments having a lesser effect on plant community development; however, trembling aspen seedling densities were found to have increased. Weeding on FFMM and Transitional did not result in the significant increase of native forb presence. Instead, the decrease in introduced weed species prompted an increase in graminoid cover, particularly Calamagrostis canadensis on FFMM. In addition to the refinement of reclamation procedures, we must work towards developing an effective evaluation framework in order to track ecosystem recovery progress. To date, no official standards, nor suitable criteria and indicators have been established to thoroughly assess and certify reclamation sites. As such, the objective of the second study was to explore the use of multivariate datasets as parameters within a rudimentary ecosystem function assessment framework. Natural reference soil samples and reclamation coversoil samples corresponding to the aforementioned field plots were collected in 2016 following vegetation surveys and in-field bioavailable nutrient profiling. Following a two week laboratory incubation period, soil samples were used to determine microbial function via community level physiological profiling (CLPP). Through the use of non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination analyses, similarities and dissimilarities were determine for bioavailable nutrient profiles, microbial function, and plant community composition parameters between coversoils and natural soils. Ordination analyses were also completed to determine similarities between weeding and control plots on coversoils. As with the first study, coversoils/soils were the dominant drivers of dissimilarities, while weeding treatments did not significantly change bioavailable nutrient profiles or microbial function. Overall, the use of multivariate analyses was able to provide additional insight into the aboveground and belowground recovery on reclamation sites, suggesting that this method of assessment, with further research, holds potential.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».