Generalized Methodology for Estimating Stress-Dependent Properties in a Tight Gas Reservoir and Extension to Drill-Cuttings Data
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Summary The volume of hydrocarbons contained in tight petroleum reservoirs is immense. Thus, their development is crucial to satisfy the worldwide energy demand. A critical aspect for the development of these formations is the stress dependency of rock properties. As pore pressure changes, porosity, permeability, and compressibility of both matrix and natural fractures in tight reservoirs also change, affecting the wells’ production behavior. A practical problem in the estimation of stress-dependent properties is that the amount of core data available to perform the corresponding studies in tight formations is generally scarce. Under these circumstances, drill cuttings can be used to obtain this information. These observations lead to the key objective of this paper: to develop a reliable approach for estimating stress-dependent properties through the introduction of an innovative methodology that quantifies changes in properties of tight reservoirs and how to extend this methodology in drill cuttings. The model developed is based on the relationship between the cube root of normalized permeability and the logarithm of net confining stress defined as confining pressure minus pore pressure applied on the rock. An empirical exponent α is introduced to fit the experimental data from confining tests conducted on both vertical and horizontal core samples. This exponent allows the development of an equation that works independently of the initial net confining stress, which is the main limitation of the models already available in the literature. It is our experience that, in many instances, laboratory tests are run at specific values of net confining stress that do not necessarily match the current stress of the reservoir. The correlation proposed in this paper is valuable because it provides a tool that allows correcting the laboratory results to the appropriate net confining stresses in the reservoir. A statistical analysis is performed to verify the appropriateness of the proposed model for the prediction of rock properties as a function of net confining stress. It is shown that current formulations are particular cases of the proposed model based on the results obtained for the empirical exponent α. Semilog cross-plots of the cube root of normalized permeability versus the net confining stress using core laboratory data corroborate the robustness of the proposed method. The application of the method with drill cuttings is also demonstrated. It is concluded that the proposed method provides a more accurate methodology for estimating stress-sensitive properties of rocks in tight formations, which are usually naturally fractured, such as the Nikanassin formation analyzed in this work. Porosity, permeability, and compressibility of tight formations are estimated by following the generalized methodology proposed in this study.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».