The Extemporaneous Compounding at Primary Health Care Centers: Characteristic and Personnel
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
OBJECTIVE: Extemporaneous compounding is still done for clinical practices in several countries, one of them is in Indonesia. This is due to unavailability or limited formula for pediatric patients or limited budget in the procurement of medicines. This study was aimed at recognizing the compounding personnel’s characteristics and the characteristics of extemporaneous compounding based on prescriptions at primary health care centers.METHOD: This study used cross sectional survey method conducted at 24 Primary Health Care Centers in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Retrospective data collection was conducted on 1200 prescription sheets in the period between April to June 2017.RESULT: Compounding personnel at Primary Health Care Centers in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia consist of 59 personnel consisting of pharmacist (40.68%), pharmaceutical technicians (10.17%), compounding personnel having health educational background (22.03%) and those from non-health educational background (27.12%). Most of the compounding personnel are women (74.58%) while the rest of 25.42% is men. Mostly, compounding personnel working at the Primary Health Care Centers (35.60%) are in their productive age; they are between 20 to 30 years old. Most of their educational background are undergraduates (S1); they are 27 persons (45.76%). Commonly, the prescribers were general practitioners (79.75%), midwives (15.08%), dentists (2%), and nurses (3.17%). Children (97.67%) are the patients who are mostly prescribed at Primary Health Care Centers. The pediatric patients were dominated by 0–5 years-old children (74.33%) while adult patients were only 2.33%. The most common prescription is one extemporaneous compounding per prescription sheet as much as 97.58%. The form of extemporaneous compounding is mostly 96.42% oral; it consisted of 88.36% puyer (crushed tablet) and 8.06% suspension.CONCLUSIONS: In this study, drug compounders in Primary Health Care Centers are mostly pharmacists. The prescribers of extemporaneous compounding in Primary Health Care Centers are mostly general practitioners, some midwives and nurses also prescribe. Patients receiving the prescription are dominated by pediatric patients range between 0–5 years old. It is common to find only one extemporaneous compounding per prescription sheet, with puyer being the most prevalent.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».