Waterflooding With Active Injection-Control Devices Improves Oil Recovery
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 189824, “Strategic Waterflood Optimization With Innovative Active Injection-Control Devices in Tight Oil Reservoirs,” by Kyle Barry, SPE, Ryan McDowell, SPE, and Kevin McArthur, Crescent Point Energy, and Anton Kozin, SPE, Trena Marie Stretch, Avo Keshishian, and Jawad Farid, Schlumberger, prepared for the 2018 SPE Canada Unconventional Resources Conference, Calgary, 13–14 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed. This paper presents the implementation of an approach for improving oil recovery by water-injection optimization using injection-control devices (ICDs) in unconventional reservoirs. In late 2016, a trial campaign began in southeastern Saskatchewan that applied ICDs in relatively low-flow-rate environments to offset production decline and improve recovery. Early-term results show that an improvement in oil recovery greater than 25% over typical waterflood configurations is possible. Introduction To offset production decline caused by normal pressure decline and reservoir drainage, secondary recovery using water injection has been administered in three Saskatchewan tight oil plays. This study will be focused on the Bakken formation, the area with the most-complete historical data set available to the authors. The original completion and well-spacing plan has resulted in occasional direct water channeling from injection to production wells. This is believed to be caused by hydraulic fracturing. In some cases, this communication has limited waterflood sweep efficiency and is referred to as short-circuiting of injection fluid. Chemical and mechanical diversion techniques have been implemented to address short-circuiting with varying degrees of success. Field Development The simplest means to waterflood a multi stage fractured well is to reverse the direction of flow and to bullhead water from the surface without diverting or compartmentalizing fluid flow. Because the water follows the path of least resistance, nonuniform fluid injection along the wellbore and into the formation may occur. In some instances, short-circuiting of producing wells through fracture paths may occur. Using distributed temperature sensing (DTS), the operator was able to investigate wells that were suspected of short-circuiting or channeling. Many attempts were made to redirect flow from the paths of least resistance by use of various viscous fluids and solid diverters. The effectiveness of these treatments was inconsistent and, in some cases, required multiple applications. The operator began investigating the application of mechanical diversion and isolation of sections of the wellbore to enable physical control of flow rates into different areas along the lateral wellbore. Compartmentalization With ICDs The nozzle diameter of ICDs can be adjusted to compensate for variations in reservoir and fracture injectivity resulting from variable permeability effects and frictional pressure losses along the wellbore, known as the heel-to-toe effect. The installations can be run in openhole configurations and within cemented or noncemented tubulars.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».