Internationalization of Higher Education within Canada’s Migration Management Framework: Supply Side of International Student Migration
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This dissertation offers an integrative look into the supply side of international student migration (ISM) in Canada. Within its scope, supply side of ISM is understood as a space of interactions of the two key involved domains: education industry and migration management.\nDrawing from previous empirical and theoretical works, this thesis investigates a set of research questions, starting with: (1) how the institutional domain structures the international student enrolment, and (2) how the pursuit of education suppliers’ collective agenda can influence policies defining ISM. With the neoliberal transformations of the late 1970s in education funding, Canadian higher education institutions (HEIs) have become commercialized and mobilized, pursuing student recruitment as a means to compensate for reduced governmental support. With strengthening revenue-seeking motivations behind internationalization of Canadian HEIs, concentration of undergraduate students in ISM inflow has been growing. This trend of ‘bachelorization’ was not mirrored in the domestic student body. ‘Bachelorization’ affected international student retention outcomes, leading to a decreasing proportion of graduate degrees holders among new permanent residents-former student permit holders.\nFurther, HEIs, united under the shared funding concerns and market interests, have found and have used their collective voice through networking organizations to pursue their agenda in communications and collaborations with the federal government. As an outcome, in 2014, Canada, where education is a strictly provincially-regulated sphere, has arrived at the International Education Strategy, overcoming the fragmented governance of the education sector. With this document, a new, collaborative mode of neoliberal governance has emerged - federally institutionalized mode of neoliberalism or ‘supra-neoliberalism’.\nWithin the migration policy domain, the dissertation further examines the question (3) of how federal and provincial migration policies structure the landscape of possibilities for permanent student retention. Through a comparative analysis of Provincial Nominee Programs, I explore how the process of “regionalization of immigration” (Akbari and MacDonald 2014) has been taking over Canadian policy space, and what consequences it entailed for the ISM management.\nThe last integral part of the dissertation investigates (4) the question of the geographical stretch of the education domain’s engagement in student retention. Through analyzing immigration advising support availability across Canadian campuses, this component treats HEIs as channels of permanent talent immigration. The findings show that HEIs’ interest and advocacy in attraction far outweigh their current involvement in retention, which is geographically uneven and insufficient.\nThis dissertation advances understanding of ISM as a supply-stimulated, multi-domain and a multi-scalar affair, it makes several original empirical and theoretical contributions, and provides a research platform for developing a more cohesive international student retention policy.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».