Cholangioscopy-directed radiofrequency ablation of complex biliary cholangiocarcinoma
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Résumé
A 64-year-old woman underwent a segment 5/6 liver resection in February 2016 for cholangiocarcinoma. Chemotherapy was poorly tolerated and, therefore, was stopped in August 2016. She experienced obstructive jaundice in September 2016 with CT confirmation of intrahepatic duct dilation (Fig. 1). ERCP showed a Bismuth type 1 stricture (Fig. 2), and a 10-mm uncovered metal stent (Wallflex; Boston Scientific, Natick, Mass, USA) was inserted. Subsequently, she experienced episodes of recurrent cholangitis from rapid stent occlusion with tissue ingrowth, but biopsies and brushings were negative for malignancy. Further ERCPs were performed to relieve the biliary obstruction, and another uncovered metal stent was placed within the existing metal stent.Figure 2Fluoroscopic image showing Bismuth type 1 stricture.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT) She presented again with sepsis in March 2017, and a CT scan revealed a segment 7 liver abscess with an associated undrained liver segment and left-sided intrahepatic duct dilation (Fig. 3). She responded well initially to antibiotics and percutaneous drainage. Subsequently, in June 2017, she underwent an ERCP with Spyglass DS cholangioscopy (Boston Scientific, Natick, Mass, USA) to evaluate the intrahepatic biliary obstruction, to confirm suspected malignant involvement, and to treat this with radiofrequency ablation. ERCP and cholangioscopy showed a malignant-appearing Bismuth IIIa hilar stricture, confirmed on examination of biopsy specimens (Fig. 4; Video 1, available online at www.VideoGIE.org). The various obstructed segments were accessed (Fig. 5). Radiofrequency ablation was performed with the Habib HPB probe (EMcision, Montreal, Canada) to each obstructed segment. The immediate postablation cholangioscopic appearance of the treated tumor confirmed necrotic tissue (Fig. 6). The infected segment 7 was accessed again, and after balloon dilation, large amounts of pus were removed. Biliary drainage to each segment was maintained with three 7F gauge plastic stents.Figure 5Cholangioscopic image showing hilar obstruction.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)Figure 6Cholangioscopic image showing changes immediately after radiofrequency ablation.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT) Six weeks later, repeated ERCP and cholangioscopy confirmed the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation with no macroscopic evidence of residual intraductal tumor (Fig. 7), making it possible to position three 8-mm self-expanding uncovered metal stents (Zilver; Cook Group, Bloomington, Ind, USA) into the 3 obstructed biliary segments. The patient responded positively to her treatment, inasmuch as she avoided a hospital stay for a prolonged period of time without further evidence of cholangitis and no adverse events related to the procedure itself. The outcomes for this patient are consistent with the outcomes described in the current literature.1Sofi A.A. Khan M.A. Das A. et al.Radiofrequency ablation combined with biliary stent placement versus stent placement alone for malignant biliary strictures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Gastrointest Endosc. 2018; 87: 944-951Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (76) Google Scholar All authors disclosed no financial relationships relevant to this publication. https://www.videogie.org/cms/asset/c225d1cf-91a7-4ccc-a568-308b6b31d93e/mmc1.mp4Loading ... Download .mp4 (312.85 MB) Help with .mp4 files Video 1Initial cholangioscopic view with use of Spyglass DS system and confirmation of malignant hilar structuring. Radiofrequency ablation was then performed with use of the Habib HPB probe. Repeated immediate and delayed (at 6 weeks) cholangioscopic images showing biliary appearance after radiofrequency ablation.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle