363 Examination of Differences in Hypertrophic Scar Potential of Large, Full Thickness Wounds in Yorkshire Versus Duroc Swine
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Wound healing is a complex process with various outcomes, including repair back to normal skin, hypertrophic scar (HTS) and dyspigmented scar. Pigs serve as in vivo models to study wound healing as their skin shares many physiological similarities with humans. Two common models are Yorkshire (Yk) and Duroc (Dc) pigs. Yk pigs have been used to mimic normal wound healing while Dc pigs demonstrate abnormal wound healing (HTS/dyspigmented scar). The reason for this differential healing phenotype has not been extensively explored. Our goal was to examine if the same differences in healing held true in 16 square inch wounds. Full thickness excisional wounds (4x4 in) were made on the bilateral flanks of Dc and Yk pigs (n=8 scars each). Wounds were sampled and imaged weekly until 42 days post injury and then biweekly until day 98. At each check, an occupational therapist calculated a Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score. Re-epithelialization was analyzed using Image J software. H & E and Mason’s Trichrome stains were used to determine cellularity and collagen content of wound and scar tissue. Immunostaining for α-smooth muscle actin was used to determine blood vessel density in tissue. Normal Yk skin has a white phenotype that resembles Caucasian skin. It heals to a “port wine” HTS. Normal Dc skin has a red/brown phenotype that more closely resembles African American skin that heals to a dyspigmented, non-pliable HTS. Yk scars had a higher VSS score at all time points (n=8, p < 0.03). Yk wounds had a higher % re-epithelialization than Dc wounds at days 7, 14, 21, and 28, thus, these wounds closed faster. Tissue cellularity increased from baseline in both species at day 7 (n=8, p < 0.0002). In Yk tissue, cellularity was slightly above baseline at day 98, while Dc tissue remained more cellular than its baseline (p < 0.05). At day 98, Yk and Dc scars returned to similar collagen levels as healthy skin, although collagen disorganization was observed in both scars. Yk scar had increased blood vessel density at day 56. This is the first work to show the outcomes of a full thickness excisional wound of this size on Yk pigs. The higher VSS score of Yk scar is mostly due to a higher vascularity score. Increased Yk scar blood vessel density at day 56 supports this finding. However, it is unexplained why Yk scar tissue begins to return to normal cellularity levels while Dc remains escalated. These results suggest that there is a vast difference in how skin of differential pigmentation heals. Moving forward, when using an in vivo model to investigate new therapeutic treatments, it will be useful to include both pig types. This will provide insight into a treatment’s effectiveness on varying skin types.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».