S53. A META-ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN THEORY OF MIND AND NON-SOCIAL COGNITION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
People with schizophrenia exhibit deficits in social and non-social cognition and these deficits are associated with difficulties in everyday functioning. The best cognitive predictor of functional difficulties in schizophrenia is theory of mind (ToM), the ability to infer the mental states of others. ToM is thus an important treatment target to promote functioning in schizophrenia. To improve ToM, it is however necessary to understand its underlying processes. Associations have been reported between ToM and different non-social cognitive abilities in several studies, but the cognitive processes that are most closely linked to ToM remain to be identified. The goal of this meta-analysis were: (1) to determine and compare the magnitude of the associations between ToM and each non-social cognition domain, and (2) to test the effect of different characteristics of the ToM tasks and of characteristics of the patient samples on the magnitude of the associations between ToM and non-social cognition. The following inclusion criteria were used: 1) participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder; 2) age 18–65; 3) publication in English, French or Spanish; 4) published or Epub before January 2018; 5) reporting a correlation between the performance on a ToM task and at least one non-social cognition task. Each correlation between a ToM task and a non-social cognition task was transformed into an effect size Zr and a weighted mean was calculated for the association between ToM and each cognitive domain. These associations were compared using focused test. A total of 86 studies (88 samples) were included (4 508 participants, 65% male, mean age 32.8 years). When all studies were combined regardless of the type of cognitive domain, a moderate association was observed (k=88, r=0.32). The associations between ToM and each cognitive domain were as follow: attention (k=17, r=0.27), working memory (k=27, r=0.29), episodic memory (k=24, r=0.28), speed of processing (k=24, r=0.26), language (k=31, r=0.36), visuospatial/problem solving (k=23, r=0.30), executive functions (k=61, r=0.29), early processing (k=6, r=0.32) and autobiographical memory (k=2, r=0.40). The comparison between the domains revealed no significant difference (χ2(8) =12.71, p = 0.122). The heterogeneity test was however significant for the executive function domain (χ2(60)=83.62, p=0.024), and we thus further compared the different executive functions together. This revealed that abstraction was more strongly associated with ToM than the other executive functions. For the effect of different characteristics of the ToM tasks, a significant effect was observed for visuospatial/problem solving and executive functions regarding the difference between ToM tasks (χ2(20) = 9.8, p = 0.040; χ2(64) = 22.5, p = 0.007), as well as for characteristics of the required answers including modality (i.e. verbal) (χ2(29) = 14.4, p = 0.001; χ2(77) = 19.4, p = 0.001) and type (i.e. multiple choices) (χ2(30) = 16.9, p = 0.001; χ2(84) = 21.7, p = 0.001). A significant effect was also observed for attention and episodic memory regarding the type of mental state (χ2(20) = 7.3, p = 0.026; χ2(30) = 9.2, p = 0.027). As for the characteristic of the sample, duration of illness (r = 0.27, p = 0.033), age at onset of the illness (r = 0.32, p = 0.035) and the total score on the PANSS (r = 0.52, p = 0.003) were significantly correlated to the strength of the association between ToM and non-social cognition. Non-social cognition deficits, particularly abstraction, and characteristics of ToM tasks should be considered when assessing and treating ToM deficits in people with schizophrenia in order to have a comprehensive understanding of ToM performance for each patient.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,008 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».