Populationsgenetische Analysen zur Ellbogen- und Hüftgelenksdysplasie beim Labrador Retriever
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The aim of this study was the analysis of environmental factors and estimation of genetic parameters for hip dysplasia in Labrador Retrievers. We analysed hip dysplasia scores of 2970 dogs from the official screening programme of the Labrador Club Deutschland (LCD) according to the FCI protocols. Traits evaluated were HD-Mit (average value of HD scores), HD-Max (higher score of both hip joints), HD-LI and HD-RE (HD score of the left or right hip joint). A linear animal model was employed to estimate heritabilities, additive genetic and residual correlations using Residual Maximum Likelihood (REML). Only inbreeding was significant after testing all non-genetic effects. Higher inbreeding coefficients were associated with higher HD scores. Heritability estimates and their standard errors were 0.38 ± 0.04 for HD-Mit, 0.40 ± 0.04 for HD-Max, 0.33 ± 0.03 for HD-LI and 0.38 ± 0.04 for HD-RE. The additive genetic correlation between HD-LI and HD-RE was 1. Heritability for female dogs was 0.31 and 0.30 for male dogs. The analysis of HD scores of Labrador Retrievers showed that the highest HD score of the hips should be used in breeding programmes, that heritabilities are not different among females and males, and that genetic components are much more important than environmental factors. Further on the aim of this study was the analysis of environmental factors and genetic factors influencing elbow dysplasia (ED) in a Labrador retriever population. We analysed scores of elbow dysplasia from the official screening programme of the Labrador Club Deutschland (LCD) following the protocol of the International Elbow Working Group. The data set included X-rays from 2931 Labrador retrievers. These dogs were born between 2000 and 2004 and originated from 834 litters and 315 kennels. The pedigree file contained 27,305 dogs pertaining to 20 generations. We analysed four different traits including ED-Mit as the averaged result of ED scores from both elbow joints, ED-Max as the higher score of both elbow joints and ED-links and ED-rechts as the ED score of left or right elbow joint. Animal models were employed to estimate heritabilities, additive genetic correlation and residual correlation using residual maximum likelihood (REML). Significant effects for all four ED-traits were gender, month of birth and inbreeding coefficient. The fixed effect of birth year showed only significant effects for ED-Mit and ED-rechts. Age at examination was not significant. Heritability estimates for ED-Mit were 0.13 ± 0.03, for ED-Max 0.12 ± 0.03 and 0.14 ± 0.03 for ED-links as well as 0.08 ± 0.02 for ED-rechts. Heritability for female dogs was 0.12 ± 0.03 and 0.10 ± 0.03 for male dogs. The additive genetic correlation between ED-links and ED-rechts was 1 and the residual correlation 0.64. The heritabilities for ED were low to moderate and taking this into consideration, selection response will be small when employing phenotypic ED scores from future breeding animals as the sole selection criterion. Therefore, breeding programmes should be supported by breeding values as tools for selection of breeding dogs. There was no difference in heritabilities between the mean ED score of the joints or the ED score of the joint with the higher ED grade. Furthermore, either specific genetic effects from a body side or sex-specific genetic effects could be observed for the expression of ED. Dogs showing radiographic signs of ED or dogs having been submitted for a surgery due to clinical signs of ED have to be precluded from breeding. The veterinary practitioner can help to reduce the frequency of dogs exhibiting a genetic disposition to ED when the radiographs of the elbow joints of many as possible purebred dogs are submitted to the respective dog breeding associations. 2867 Labrador Retriever from the Labrador Club Deutschland, which where born between 2000 and 2004, were radiologically examined. Estimation of the genetic and phenotypic trends for hip dysplasia followed. Relativ breeding values (mean value 100, standard deviation 20) were predicted using best linear unbiased prediction method (BLUP). There is a little improvement concerning the genetic and phenotypic trend in the examined years. Breeding values are higher in male dogs as in female dogs. If there is a consideration of parental breeding values by the process of selection it reflects in the hip quality of progeny. Low breeding values of parents ensure high hip quality of progeny.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».