Risk analysis for Phytophthora ramorum, a newly recognised pathogen threat to Europe and the cause of Sudden Oak Death in the USA (Acronym - RAPRA)
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This project aimed to determine the risks posed by Phytophthora ramorum (the cause of sudden oak death) to European trees, woodland ecosystems and other environmentally important habitats (e.g. heathlands). The pathogen is a newly described species which is a recent alien introduction to both the United States and Europe; it is currently the most significant quarantine pathogen for Europe. Prior to being described, this pathogen was first observed infecting Rhododendrons in Germany in 1993, but its significance as the cause of sudden oak death in the United States was not understood until 2001. However, the potential risk that sudden oak death posed to European trees was reviewed in a pest risk analysis drafted in Britain in September 2000 and forwarded to the European Union Plant Health Directorate for consideration by Standing Plant Health Committee.\n\nA major deliverable of the project was database 1.1, which contain records of plants and trees found to be infected by Phytophthora ramorum in Europe. Although it is now complete for the purposes of risk mapping with more than 2 000 records covering a total of 83 naturally infected species, further records for new hosts were added to the database throughout the year. Data supplied by various Member States and other European countries to RAPRA over 2004-2007 have now been compiled into a series of maps for each Europe and each individual country. These maps are now available on the RAPRA public website. In addition, the records supplied by various European countries to the RAPRA project have been analysed for trends in the number of surveys and proportion of positives found in each country over the period 2004-2006. Overall, relatively low numbers of the samples taken during surveys tested positive, ranging between < 1-5 %.\n\nDeliverable reports from each work package are made available on the RAPRA website: http://rapra.csl.gov.uk, as well as the full reports where appropriate.\n\nA major deliverable was to develop, refine and publishing a European pest risk analysis for Phytophthora ramorum to underpin and advise EU plant health policy and legislation. This document is still under draft but major elements are completed including an EPPO-style datasheet for Phytophthora ramorum.\n\nThe RAPRA website, continues to be very effective at communicating and disseminating the results of the project and information about the risk posed by Phytophthora ramorum. During the peak month for visitors of May 2007, a total of 467 unique visitors were recorded (compared with 312 unique visitors during May of the previous reporting period). The total number of visits in 2007 was 5 605. Web stats indicate that visits to the website were made from a diverse range of countries but the most frequent visitors were from the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, France, Germany, United States (educational), United States (government), Mexico, Croatia, Canada, Australia, Spain, Portugal and Ireland. In total, visitors from approximately 50 different countries worldwide have visited the website during 2007 and the most frequently visited pages were those showing the images of host symptoms.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».