Effects of various natural sweeteners on insulin resistance, inflammation and liver steatosis in a rat model of diet‐induced obesity
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background The detrimental effect of refined sugars on health has been the subject of many investigations. However, very few studies have looked at the long‐term beneficial impact of natural sweeteners in a context of obesity. Objective The objective of this study was to compare the metabolic responses following the chronic ingestion of refined simple sugars (sucrose and fructose) to that of various natural sweeteners in a diet‐induced obese insulin‐resistant rat model. Methods Rats were fed a high‐fat high sucrose diet (HFHS) for 8 weeks and received daily gavage with a solution of equivalent amount of total carbohydrates from either sucrose, fructose, maple syrup, molasses, brown rice syrup, agave syrup, corn syrup, or honey. A group fed a standard chow diet receiving daily gavage with the sucrose solution was used as a control. Weekly body weight and food intake were assessed. At week 7, glucose tolerance was evaluated by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), while insulin sensitivity was determined using the HOMA‐IR index at 8 weeks. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was assessed by hepatic triglyceride (TG) content and liver inflammation. Results Daily gavage with the different natural sweeteners did not lead to differences in food intake or body weight gain. During the OGTT, similar glycemic responses were observed across the different treatment groups. However, the insulin excursions were lower in the maple syrup treated animals suggesting improved insulin sensitivity. Assessment of insulin resistance by calculation of the HOMA‐IR index further revealed that all natural sweeteners except corn syrup significantly improved insulin sensitivity, when compared to sucrose treatments. Furthermore, whereas hepatic TG content was reduced in maple syrup, molasses and agave syrup treated rats, there was an increased TG accumulation in the brown rice and corn syrup treated rats. Hepatic inflammation, as revealed by increased IL‐1B levels in obese rat liver, was also reduced to various extents by gavage of molasses, agave syrup, maple syrup and corn syrup. Conclusion Several natural sweeteners used in this study were found to improve insulin sensitivity and to reduce NAFLD as compared to an equivalent amount of sucrose in diet‐induced obese rats. Among the natural sweeteners, maple syrup, molasses and agave syrup appear to exert the most consistent beneficial effects on multiple metabolic health endpoints, suggesting that consumption of those natural sweeteners is a healthier alternative to simple refined sugar. Support or Funding Information This project was supported by Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada from the Agricultural Innovation program, a federal‐provincial‐ territorial initiative in Canada, and with the participation of the Federation of Quebec Maple Syrup Producers.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».