Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Metabolism – the chemical process that generates energy for cells to function – is so fundamental to existence that it has been dubbed ‘the fire of life’. However, the debate over how the rate of metabolism can influence an animal's survival has burned on for decades. The ‘pace of life’ theory predicts that species with high metabolic rates accrue more damage and succumb to death earlier than animals with slower metabolism. Whilst this makes sense in theory – a gently burning flame lasts longer than a firework – experimentally proving it has been a tricky business.To shed light on how metabolic rate correlates with survival in wild tropical birds, a team led by Micah Scholer from the University of British Columbia, Canada, studied a diverse cohort of 37 species in the Peruvian Andes, from the humid foothills up to 3000 m altitude. The group caught birds in mist-nets and released them, tagged but unharmed, at different sites over several years to assess annual survival. They then combined this dataset with previously acquired measurements of basal metabolic rate of the same species from the same field sites – achieved by measuring oxygen consumption in resting animals – in a sophisticated mathematical model to dissect the interplay between metabolism, survival and habitat.Survival varied greatly between different species; in some cases, annual survival exceeded 70%, whereas in the most vulnerable species, less than half this proportion survived each year. The team further revealed that, although metabolic rate was similar between birds inhabiting different altitudes, montane species exhibited lower survival than those from the foothills. Avian life at high altitude is something of a double-edged sword; the harsher, drier environment provides challenges, yet this also discourages predators. It appears here that the costs of living at altitude outweighed the benefits of lower predation, although the research team was unable to exclude the possibility that the high-altitude birds were emigrating from the study site instead of perishing.The standout result was that, irrespective of altitude, the species with the lowest metabolic rate – or the slowest pace of life – indeed exhibited the highest rate of survival. Whether annual survival per se equates to evolutionary success is doubtful, because even the species with the lowest survival rate are, by definition, successful enough to prosper today. Apparently, they are able to reproduce effectively in their short but busy lifetime, which may be fuelled by their high metabolic rate. The fact that species with both short and long lifespans persist suggests that neither strategy is optimal.By revealing a well-defined link between metabolism and survival, this study not only represents a great advance for environmental physiology but also helps pave a path for future work. For example, researchers could measure metabolic rates in animals’ natural environments, which is tricky but technically feasible, to allow us to describe how metabolism changes seasonally in the different habitats. Ultimately, this will help paint an ever-clearer picture of how and why survival and metabolism vary between different species.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,005 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».