Olfaction in patients with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder who eventually develop multiple system atrophy
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Olfactory impairment is common in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) [1]. iRBD is an early phase alpha-synucleinopathy, as most of these patients convert over time to Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) or, more rarely, multiple system atrophy (MSA) [2]. Olfactory dysfunction is frequent in PD3 and in DLB, whereas in MSA olfaction is usually not impaired [3, 4]. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective study was to investigate whether patients with initially iRBD who eventually converted into MSA had hyposmia or were normosmic before conversion. Data were retrospectively collected among the members of the International RBD Study Group (IRBDSG). The IRBDSG comprises 24 centers following a total of 1280 RBD patients [1]. All patients with iRBD who eventually developed MSA and underwent olfactory test before conversion were included in this study. Demographic and clinical data, as well as information about olfactory function, were collected. As different olfactory tests were used, for data analysis scores were converted to brief smell identification test (B-SIT) scores using published equating scores [5]. Among all centers, 16 patients with initially iRBD eventually developed MSA after a mean follow-up time of 4.6 years [1]. Twelve patients with initially iRBD underwent olfactory test before conversion to MSA and could be included in this study. The mean age was 68 ± 9 years. Seven patients (58.3 %) were female, and five (41.7%) were male. Age at diagnosis of iRBD was 60 ± 8 years, and age at conversion to MSA 64 ± 9 years, with a time from iRBD diagnosis to conversion of 4 ± 3 years. Olfactory testing before conversion was normal in 6/12 (50 %) and showed hyposmia in 6/12 (50 %) of the participants. The frequency of olfactory dysfunction in our cohort of iRBD who eventually developed MSA (50 %) is slightly higher than the reported frequency in the elderly population (25%–30%) [3, 6], but much lower than the frequency of hyposmia/anosmia in patients with PD (up to 100%) [3, 4]. Interestingly, olfactory function has been suggested to predict phenoconversion in patients initially presenting with pure autonomic failure (PAF). In a prospective large cohort of 100 patients with PAF, those who phenoconverted to MSA had preserved olfaction, whereas those who phenoconverted to PD or DLB had decreased olfaction [7]. Based on our preliminary observations in iRBD, we speculate similarly that normosmia in these patients might be considered predictive of conversion to MSA. To confirm this hypothesis, prospective studies with larger sample size and including also matched controls as well as patients who eventually converted to PD or DLB are needed. The authors confirm that patient consent was not required for this work, as this is a retrospective study. We confirm that we have read the Journal’s position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this work is consistent with those guidelines. A.S.: research project organization and execution; statistical analysis design and execution; writing of the first draft of the manuscript. L.F.-S.: review and critique of the manuscript. R.B.P.: review and critique of the manuscript. A.I.: review and critique of the manuscript. A.V.: research project organization; review and critique of the manuscript. B.H.: research project organization and execution; review and critique of the manuscript. G.K.W.: research project conception and organization; statistical analysis review and critique; review and critique of the manuscript. Conflict of interest statement. None declared.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».