A Retrospective Study of Histopathologic Patterns of Odontogenic Tumors ,CYSTS and Maxillofacial Bone Tumors Submitted to Department of Pathology,A5Year Experience at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital From September 2013to August of 2018.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to analyse, compare and contrast the demographic,
\nclinical and pathological data of odontogenic tumours , cysts and maxillofacial bone tumors seen at 
\nTikur Anbesa Hospital, Pathology department and compare with other international data as an aid
\nto clinicians in diagnosing odontogenic and maxillofacial bone lesions. 
\n Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study of odontogenic tumours and cysts
\nand bone lesions diagnosed from Sep 2013 - Oct 2018 at this centre. These were analyzed for age, 
\ngender, site of tumor and histopathologic typing. The odontogenic tumours were classified using the
\n2005 World Health Organization classification system. 
\n Results: From a total of 132 patient cases reviewed , only 107 were having complete records suitable
\nfor the study. Of the remaining 107 cases, 59 (55.1%) of the study subjects were males while 
\nremaining 48(44.9%) were female. M:F ratio of 1:1.2. Mean age of patients was 27.8years . The
\ncommonest age group for both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions were in the first and second
\ndecades. 60(56.1%) of cases were Benign, 16(15.0%) were Malignant and the rest 31(29%) were nonneoplastic.
\nMost
\n(94.4%)of
\nthe
\nbiopsy
\nspecimen
\nwere
\nreceived
\nfrom
\nMaxillofacial
\nsurgery
\nunit
\nof
\n
\nYekatit
\n12
\nHospital.
\n 
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\nOut
\nof
\nthe
\n31
\nNon-neoplastic
\ncases,
\n27(87%)
\nof
\nthe
\ncases
\nwere
\nOdontogenic
\ncysts.
\nOf
\nthese,
\n17(63%)
\n
\noccurred
\nin
\nmales
\nand
\n10(37%)
\nin females.
\nThe
\nmean
\nage
\nof
\noccurrence
\nof
\nOdontogenic
\ncysts
\nwas
\n
\n31.56
\nyears.The
\nmost
\nfrequently
\nrecognized
\nOdontogenic
\ncysts
\nwere
\nBenign
\nOdontogenic
\ncyst
\n
\n9(33.3%),
\nfollowed
\nby Dentigerous
\ncyst
\n8(29.6%),
\nOdontogenic
\nkeratocyst
\n5(18.5%)and
\nRadicular
\ncyst
\n
\n5(18.5%).
\nThe
\nmost
\ncommonly
\naffected
\nlocation
\nby Odontogenic
\ncysts
\nwere
\nMaxilla
\n17(63%)
\nfollowed
\n
\nby
\nMandible
\n9(33.3%).
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\nFrom
\nthe
\n60
\nbenign
\ncases,
\nthe
\ncommonest
\nbenign
\nOdontogenic
\ntumor
\nwas
\nAmeloblastoma
\n15(25%).
\n
\nThe
\nmean
\nage
\nof
\noccurrence
\nbeing
\n28.8years
\nand
\nM:F
\nratio
\nof
\n1.14:1.
\nThe
\ncommonest
\nsite
\nof
\n
\noccurrence
\nwas
\nthe
\nmandible
\n14(93.3%).
\nThe
\nsecond
\ncommonest
\nbenign
\nlesion
\nfound
\nwas
\nOssifying
\n
\nfibroma
\n12(20%).
\nThe
\nmean
\nage
\nof
\noccurrence
\nwas
\n22.9years
\n. It
\noccurred
\nin 7(58.3%)
\nof
\nmales
\nand
\n
\n5(41.7%)
\nof
\nfemales
\n&
\nboth
\nmandible
\n6(50%)
\nand
\nmaxilla
\n6(50%)
\nwere
\nequally
\ninvolved.
\n 
\n 
\n 
\nMalignant
\nlesions
\nwere
\n16(15%)
\nof
\nthe
\ntotal
\ncases.
\n12(75%)
\nwere
\nmales
\nand
\n4(25%)
\nwere
\nfemales.
\nThe
\n
\nmean
\nage
\nwas
\n29.6%
\n.7
\ncases(43.8%)occurred
\nin the
\nmaxilla,
\n6 (37.5%)
\nin
\nthe
\nmandible
\nand
\nthe
\nrest
\n
\n3(18.8%)
\noccurred
\nin Jaw(site
\nnot
\nspecified).
\nOf
\nthe
\ntotal
\n16
\ncases,
\nthere
\nwere
\n4 cases(25%)
\nof
\n
\nOsteosarcoma
\nand
\n4 cases
\n(25%)
\nof
\nPrimary
\nintraosseous
\nsquamous
\ncell
\ncarcinoma
\n.
\n
\n
\nConclusion: Odontogenic tumors, cysts and maxillofacial bone lesions show a definite geographic
\nvariation. In our study, ameloblastomas were the most frequent odontogenic tumor similar to other 
\nAfrican studies,but significant variation form studies done in Canada and Brazil. Benign fibroosseous
\nlesions
\nwere
\nthe
\nsecond
\ncommonest
\nlesion
\nwhich
\nwas
\nin contrary
\nto
\nmost
\nliteratures.
\n
\nDentigerous
\ncyst
\nwas
\nthe
\ncommonest
\ncyst
\nfollowed
\nby
\nOdontogenic
\nKeratocyst
\nand
\nRadicular
\ncysts.
\nA
\n
\ndefinitive
\ndiagnosis
\ncan
\nbe
\nmade
\non
\nthe
\nbasis
\nof
\nclinical
\nradiological,
\nand
\nhistological
\nfindings.
\n
\nKnowledge
\nof
\nthe
\nbiological
\nand
\nhistological
\nbehavior
\nof
\nthese
\nlesions
\nis
\nrequired
\nfor
\ntheir
\nearly
\n
\ndetection
\nand
\neffective
\ntreatment.

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