Advanced Oxidation for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Municipal Wastewater: Connecting Laboratory to Application Scale
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The presence of pharmaceuticals in water is an emerging issue in water research, the major source of which is the discharge of treated municipal wastewater. While technologies have been proposed to remove pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater, a gap between laboratory studies and application scale remains. This thesis connects laboratory investigations and analysis to application scale treatment for the removal of pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater. Focused on advanced oxidation processes, studies were conducted with controlled laboratory investigations to gain detailed mechanistic understanding to support application scale studies. Venlafaxine was used as a candidate pharmaceutical, with subsequent laboratory studies also investigating carbamazepine, fluoxetine and sulfamethoxazole. Tests were conducted in both pure water and municipal wastewater matrix. Results demonstrated that UV photolysis, UV/H2O2 and ozonation were all effective means of degrading pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater. UV with peracetic acid was tested and found to provide little advantage over UV/H2O2. Kinetics were assessed and found to follow pseudo first-order degradation in all cases. Total UV fluence was determined to be an effective means of modelling degradation kinetics. Mineralization pathways were found to be congruent with sequential hydroxylation for all compounds investigated at a laboratory scale. Laboratory results informed application scale testing at the Advancing Canadian Wastewater Assets (ACWA) Research Wastewater Treatment Plant. The facility is embedded in a functioning treatment plant and runs as a unit process in an active treatment train, making the results comparable to full implementation. 13 neutral pharmaceuticals were studied, with concentrations in the ng/L-µg/L range. Treatment processes tested at an application scale were UV photolysis, UV/H2O2, ozonation and reverse osmosis. Reverse osmosis showed high removal of 12 of the 13 compounds, though it has the drawback of producing a concentrated waste stream. Ozone was found to be highly effective for degrading most compounds and presents as the most viable process for full implementation. UV photolysis showed modest removal of all compounds. It was noted that laboratory results for UV photolysis were transferable to application scale with total volumetric UV fluence used for comparison. UV/H2O2 showed similar results to UV photolysis at application scale.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».