Development of Nanofluids for the Inhibition of Formation Damage Caused by Fines Migration: Effect of the Interaction of Quaternary Amine (CTAB) and MgO Nanoparticles
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Fines migration is a common problem in the oil and gas industry that causes a decrease in productivity. In this sense, the main objective of this study is to develop nanocomposites based on the interaction of quaternary amine (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide—CTAB) and MgO to enhance the capacity of retention of fine particles in the porous medium. MgO nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel method using Mg(NO3)2·6H2O as a precursor. Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), the point of zero charge (pHpzc), thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Different nanoparticle sizes of 11.4, 42.8, and 86.2 nm were obtained, which were used for preparing two system nanofluids. These systems were evaluated in the inhibition of fines migration: in the system I MgO nanoparticles were dispersed in a CTAB-containing aqueous solution, and system II consists of a nanocomposite of CTAB adsorbed onto MgO nanoparticles. The fines retention tests were performed using Ottawa sand 20/40 packed beds and fine particles suspensions at concentrations of 0.2% in a mass fraction in deionized water. Individual and combined effects of nanoparticles and CTAB were evaluated in different treatment dosages. The analysis of the interactions between the CTAB and the MgO nanoparticles was carried out through batch-mode adsorption and desorption tests. The best treatment in the system I was selected according to the fines retention capacity and optimized through a simplex-centroid mixture design for mass fractions from 0.0% to 2.0% of both CTAB and MgO nanoparticles. This statistical analysis shows that the optimal concentration of these components is reached for a mass fraction of 0.73% of MgO nanoparticles and 0.74% in mass fraction of CTAB, where the retention capacity of the porous medium increases from 0.02 to 0.39 mg·L−1. Based on the experimental results, the nanofluids combining both components showed higher retention of fines than the systems treated only with CTAB or with MgO nanoparticles, with efficiencies up to 400% higher in the system I and higher up to 600% in the system II. To evaluate the best performance treatment under reservoir conditions, there were developed core flooding tests at fixed overburden pressure of 34.5 MPa, pore pressure at 6.9 MPa and system temperature at 93 °C. Obtaining critical rate increases in 142.8%, and 144.4% for water and oil flow in the presence of the nanofluid. In this sense, this work offers a new alternative for the injection of nanocomposites as a treatment for the problem of fines migration to optimize the productivity of oil and gas wells.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».