Building Fences at Borders or Improving the Quality of Life for the Desperate?

More than 25 % of the 2000 largest companies in the world locate their main offices in these ten cities, and more than 56% of companies are located in 82 cities.If we compare our list with P.J.Taylor list created in 2001 based on the advertisements in The Economist, we deduce that our list contains all cities from that list; however 42 of our top 82 were not present in Taylor's list.Among the top 9 cities there are more than 10 headquarters -Houston (22), Atlanta (15), Calgary (13), Dallas (12), Hamilton (12), San Jose (12), Athens (11), Birmingham (11), and Cincinnati (11).From these data we can anticipate that we have come up with more comprehensive list that P. J. Taylor has, as well as that in our list Asian cities dominate the top ten positions.One explanation for this can be that Asian cities gain their superiority in lower positions of rank, i.e. from 100 world largest companies 15 are located in New York, 7 in Tokyo, and 6 in London, but from 500 largest companies -40 in Tokyo, 26 in New York, and 23 in London.It thus denotes that the density of agglomeration decreases for lower positions of rank, so it is obvious that most of the largest companies tend to locate their headquarters in the few biggest cities. Agglomeration and Symbolic CapitalData show that attention and information diffusion is four times higher for cities where the agglomeration persists -85% of present attention for cities in agglomeration versus 15% for cities in non-agglomeration list.Similarly, information diffusion manifests the same result -81% of cities in agglomeration and 19% cities in non agglomeration.Table 1 Attention and information diffusion Cities in agglomeration Cities in non-agglomeration Attention 85% 15% Information diffusion 81% 19%In order to investigate relationship among agglomeration, information diffusion, and present attention, we perform Pearson correlation test.The result shows that all correlations are significant at 0.01 levels.It thus proves that there are linkages among information diffusion, present attention, and agglomeration.But the data also show that attention has more profound correlation with agglomeration than information diffusion with agglomeration.In order to develop our argumentation, we divide the cities according to centre -periphery notion by ranking the cities both by top 47 ranks of agglomeration and attention.If we find no or insignificant difference in the ranks, we group them as cities in centre, or, to put it in other words, in the core of activities.Similarly, the remaining cities are grouped into periphery, non-culture.Rank difference shows that smaller differences in ranks are for non-culture cities where their ranks difference varies from 0 to 10, but for centre cities the variation is 0-16, for periphery -0-28.Majority of cities in out-of-culture group are located in the nonagglomeration list, therefore they score equally worse in both lists.At this point we can conclude that the centre and non-culture cities are more coherent in their characteristics than the periphery cities.The explanation can be Globalization and its Effect on Communities and Identities 29 that centre and non-culture is a main pair of opposition for maintaining centre position and sustaining the culture itself, and that there are cities that are not mentioned in the articles at all. Table 2The sample of cities sign system groups of world economy

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