Diet and inflammatory bowel disease; a metabolomic approach
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is consisted of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a relapsing-remitting inflammatory condition of gastrointestinal tract. Although the exact pathophysiology of IBD is not known yet, it has been suggested that a combination of various genetic, microbial, immunological and environmental factors play a role in IBD developments. Previous epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that dietary factors are among the major environmental contributors of IBD development. Furthermore, many IBD patients attribute their disease onset or relapse to dietary factors. In addition, only a limited number of clinical trials have been carried out to investigate the beneficial effects of dietary modifications for management of IBD symptoms or prevention of disease relapse. However, understanding the role of diet in IBD is challenging due to its multi-faceted effects on host and microbial factors. It has recently been suggested that metabolomics which is the science of studying metabolites in different biological samples in a comprehensive way has the potential to be used for unraveling the role of diet in chronic diseases. Objectives: In the present thesis, our aim was to investigate the role of diet in the development or management of IBD using a metabolomic approach. Methods: This thesis is consisted of four sub-projects. In the first study, urinary metabolome was compared between a group of CD patients who developed CD recurrence after ileocolonic resection (n=28) and CD patients who were still in remission after ileocolonic resection (n=10). In the second study the usefulness of urinary metabolomic profiling was assessed to differentiate between UC patients (n=53) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients (n=39). In the third project which was a prospective cohort study in UC patients in clinical remission (n=20), the dietary, clinical and metabolomic factors at baseline were compared between patients who presented with UC clinical relapse during the 1-year follow-up and patients who were still in clinical remission. In the last project which was a 6-month randomized controlled trial, 53 adults UC patients were randomized to either an anti-inflammatory diet or a control diet (Canada’s Food Guide). The effects of the anti-inflammatory diet for maintenance of remission and prevention of colonic inflammation and the underlying mechanisms were assessed using a metabolomic approach. Results: Endoscopic recurrence was associated with increased concentration of urinary levoglucosan which is a diet-related metabolite. In addition, urinary metabolomic profiles of UC patients was significantly different from urinary metabolomic profiles of IBS patients. Decreased amino acids were characteristics of metabolome in UC patients. Furthermore, we found that metabolites in urine and serum could be related to clinical relapse in UC patients. Finally, we should that following an anti-inflammatory diet for 6 months could prevent increases in fecal calprotectin; a major biomarker of colonic inflammation in UC patients. We also identified a number of host and diet-related metabolites in urine and serum that significantly changed from baseline to the end of the study in patients randomized to the anti-inflammatory diet. Conclusions: These findings indicate that metabolomics can be used in IBD settings to explore the role of diet in the pathophysiology or management of the disease. These findings provide a basis for further research in this field.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».