Design Principles and Field Performance of Software-Augmented Solar Sensors for Resolving Spectral Irradiance and Atmospheric Parameters
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The present work details the design principles and field performance of software-augmented, multi-functional sensors capable of resolving solar spectral irradiance and atmospheric parameters, such as aerosol optical depth, total column ozone and precipitable water vapour. The primary motivation behind this research and development work is the solar industry's increasing need for spectral and atmospheric data, the acquisition of which, prior to this work, was not commercially practical or cost-effective. This thesis presents the direct solar spectral irradiance meter (SolarSIM-D2), which was designed for photovoltaic and atmospheric science applications. The instrument measures the direct normal irradiance (DNI) in six narrow wavelength bands. These measurements are combined with radiative transfer models to determine the spectral transmittance profiles of key atmospheric components, such as spectral aerosols, total column ozone and precipitable water vapour, and subsequently resolve the spectral DNI over the complete 280-4000 nm range. Multiple SolarSIM-D2s were calibrated and validated at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in the United States and at the World Radiation Center in Switzerland against reference instrumentation. In addition, a comprehensive uncertainty analysis was performed for all of the SolarSIM-D2's measurands. This work also describes the global solar spectral irradiance meter (SolarSIM-G), which was designed to resolve the spectral and broadband global irradiances over the complete 280-4000 nm spectral range, primarily for use in the photovoltaic industry. The all-sky parameterized transmittance model was developed, capable of deriving the spectral and broadband global irradiances from the SolarSIM-G's nine optical measurements under clear and cloudy conditions. This model uses radiative transfer algorithms to resolve in real-time the combined contribution of the direct and diffuse irradiance components, including the effects of atmospheric and cloud scattering. Multiple SolarSIM-Gs were calibrated and validated at NREL against reference instrumentation. The SolarSIM sensors represent a significant advancement in the field of solar measurements by providing a wealth of detailed spectral and atmospheric data in a compact, affordable system as compared to traditional alternatives. A notable impact of this work is the commissioning of the Canadian Solar Spectral Irradiance Meter (CanSIM) network, consisting of seven stations across Canada, each containing a SolarSIM-D2 and a SolarSIM-G. CanSIM data was used to develop a novel global irradiance decomposition algorithm to derive the direct and diffuse irradiance components from the SolarSIM-G's measurements. This method has a factor of two to three improvement in the root-mean-square error for the DNI retrieval as compared to the existing state-of-the-art decomposition algorithms.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».