Vogele, Wolfgang, Menschenwurde zwischen Recht und Theologie. Begrundungen von Menschenrechten in der Perspektive offentlicher Theologie
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd), a member of the genus Pospivroid, family Pospiviroidae, was first identified on greenhouse tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Canada (2). Since then, it has also been reported elsewhere, e.g., on tomato in Colorado (4). During 2006 in Arizona, tomato plants in a large greenhouse facility with continuous tomato production exhibited viroid-like symptoms of plant stunting and chlorosis of the young leaves. Symptomatic plants were often located along the edge of the row, indicating the presence of a mechanical transmissible agent. Approximately 4% of the plants in this greenhouse were symptomatic in 2008. Symptoms were distinctly different from those caused by Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), a virus that was generally present in this greenhouse and also in our test samples. Other commonly occurring tomato viruses were ruled out by serological, PCR, or reverse transcription (RT)-PCR tests in multiple laboratories. RT-PCR with two sets of universal pospiviroid primers, PospiI-FW/RE and Vid-FW/RE (4), yielded amplicons of the expected sizes of 196 and 360 bp in three samples collected from symptomatic plants. Direct sequencing of the amplicons revealed that the genome was 360 nt and 100% identical to the type TCDVd from Canada (GenBank Accession No. AF162131) (2). Mechanical inoculation with leaf tissue extract from four samples to plants of the tomato 'Money-Maker' resulted in the same viroid-like symptoms and TCDVd was confirmed in these plants by RT-PCR and sequencing. In both 2007 and 2008, 18 samples were tested using primers PSTVd-F and PSTVd-R (1), which are capable of amplifying the full TCDVd genome. Analysis of the sequences from the amplicons revealed two genotypes of TCDVd. The first genotype (GenBank Accession No. FJ822877) was identical to the type TCDVd and found in 11 samples from 2007 and one from 2008. The second genotype (GenBank Accession No. FJ822878) was 361 nt, differing from the first by nine nucleotide substitutions, 2 insertions, and 1 deletion. This second genotype was found in 7 and 17 samples from 2007 and 2008, respectively, and showed the highest sequence identity (97%) to a Japanese tomato isolate (AB329668) and a much lower sequence identity (92%) to a U.S. isolate previously identified in Colorado (AY372399) (4). The origin of TCDVd in this outbreak is not clear. The genotype identified first could have been introduced from a neighboring greenhouse where the disease was observed before 2006 and where this genotype also was identified in 2007. The second genotype may have been introduced from infected seed since TCDVd has recently been shown to be seed transmitted in tomato (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of natural occurrence of TCDVd in Arizona. References: (1) A. M. Shamloul et al. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 19:89, 1997. (2) R. P. Singh et al. J. Gen. Virol. 80:2823, 1999. (3) R. P. Singh and A. D. Dilworth. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 123:111, 2009. (4) J. Th. J. Verhoeven et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 110:823, 2004.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,017 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; les deux têtes enseignantes s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».