Impact of Nonoxidized Sulfur Species on Elemental Mercury Removal by SO<sub>2</sub> Activated Petroleum Cokes
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
High-sulfur petroleum coke is potentially one of the most promising materials for developing efficient and low-cost sorbents for Hg0 removal from flue gas. In this study, three distinct SO2-activated high-sulfur petroleum cokes were prepared at 650–850 °C via different sulfurization protocols, including SO2-impregnated petroleum coke (PC-S), SO2-impregnated coke produced with an additional reductive heat-treatment process in N2 (PC-NS), and SO2-impregnated coke prepared with the presence of SO2 in the gas during the cooling process (PC-SC). The SO2-activated cokes were characterized with nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and their mercury removal performances were investigated in a fixed-bed reactor at 80–200 °C with an initial mercury concentration of 35–120 μg/m3. To explore the influence of nonoxidized sulfur species on Hg0 removal, particular focus was given to the comparison of the reduced sulfur, sulfide sulfur, and elemental sulfur formed during different sulfurization processes, as well as the consequent differences in Hg0 adsorption characteristics. It found that the sulfur incorporated into the carbon matrix of PC-S by interaction with SO2 at 650 °C was dominantly organic sulfide. Thermal treatment in N2 at 800 °C led to an addition of reduced sulfur in PC-NS. An increment of 0.74 at. % elemental sulfur was observed in PC-SC after exposure to SO2 during the cooling step. The Hg0 adsorption capacity of PC-SC at low temperatures was significantly enhanced, yielding a mercury capacity of 622 μg/g at 80 °C. However, elemental sulfur suffered from severe temperature sensitivity for mercury binding. The sample PC-NS which contained more reduced sulfur showed the highest Hg0 adsorption capacity at elevated temperatures above 160 °C. Furthermore, the increment in inlet mercury concentration would lead to higher adsorption capacities and faster adsorption rates. According to the RL obtained from Langmuir isotherms, the Hg0 adsorption reactivity can be arranged as follows: PC-NS > PC-S > PC-SC. The mercury temperature-programmed desorption results suggested that sulfur species not only had an effect on Hg0 adsorption capacity but also played an essential role in the thermal stability of the adsorbed mercury compounds. Mercury was principally associated with elemental sulfur in the form of metacinnabar and combined with thermal-stable organic sulfide in cinnabar or organomercuric compounds Hg–SR.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».