Особенности трансформации органического вещества стволовой древесины ели при торфогенезе на лесных болотах

RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE, 2020, No. 6, P. 548–559 THE SPECIFICS OF SPRUCE TRUNKS’ ORGANIC MATTER TRANSFORMATION DURING THE PEAT-FORMING PROCESS IN FOREST SWAMPS T. T. Yefremova, S. P. Yefremov, A. F. Avrova Forest Institute, Siberian Branch of the RAS Akademgorodok 50 bldg. 28, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia E-mail: efr2@ksc.krasn.ru Received 04 July 2019 For the first time the specifics of buried debris and moss detritus decomposition was studied within the similar water, mineral and hydrothermal conditions on the example of eutrophic forest peat valleys of the south of Yenisey Siberia, covered by the swamp spruce forests. Using the Wilcoxon criterion the universal humus indices (humification rate – ∑HA+∑FA, type of humus –С HA :С FA ratio, biochemical activity – С:N ratio) it was shown that during the peat forming over a 600-years period, the remains of moss and buried spruce trunks differ significantly in speed and overall direction of the humification process. The decomposition process of the tree trunks organics was found to be slow, and because of the С:N ratio of 45–77, low humification rate of 31.8–33.4% and constantly fulvic-humic type of humus it can be assumed to remain almost stable over the whole period. Evident transformation of the debris’ organic matter was found in the reorganization of the fraction composition of the humic acids most of all. Significant increase of HA-3 concentration is accompanied by the almost proportional decrease of (HA-1+HA-2), where the rate of the brown fraction (HA-1) constitute 70-86%. Peat substrate horizons, comprised of the remains of the green forest mosses and hypnales mosses, were characterised by the narrow С:N ratio, equal 13.5 on average, and a high (34.4-54.9%) humification rate, further increasing over the exposition period, humic-fulvic type of humus due to almost equal concentrations of all kinds of the humus acids. 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