Design and systems-level performance analysis of petroleum coke conversion strategies
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Petroleum coke (petcoke) is a solid waste product of crude oil refinery operations with disposal issues. Therefore, this thesis focuses on systems level performance analysis of design configurations by which petcoke can be disposed of in the most environmentally benign and cost-competitive pathway. In the systems evaluated, we explored the environmental and cost benefits of utilizing the energy stored in the refinery solid waste (petcoke) to produce liquid transportation fuels and electricity. Specifically, we proposed petcoke as a feed to produce liquid fuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. For power generation, we explored the performance of petcoke in an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and oxy-combustion technology. To minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) were implemented in some of the designs allowing further performance analysis of the variants of the designs which were operated with and without CCS. In the petcoke to liquid fuels study, three design strategies that operated with and without CCS namely petroleum coke standalone gasification (PSG), petroleum coke gasification integrated natural gas reforming (PG-INGR), and petroleum coke gasification external natural gas reforming (PG-ENGR) were proposed. To compare the performance of the designs, performance metrics such as fuel and thermal efficiencies, net present value, minimum diesel selling price, and direct CO2 emissions were employed. Overall, the PG-INGR design outperformed the other designs and showed to be a feasible candidate design for petcoke to liquids process. Subsequently, a cradle-to-grave environmental life cycle impact assessment of a petcoke derived diesel for a functional unit of 1 km distance driven in a diesel-powered vehicle was investigated for two possible locations in Canada: Ontario and Alberta provinces. These petcoke processes were compared to the conventional crude oil and oil sands derived diesel processes. In terms of GHG emissions, the results showed that there was no clear superior design amongst the three CCS enabled processes for the plants located in Ontario, but they outperformed the conventional crude oil and oil sands derived diesel processes.When the cost of CO2 avoided (CCA) was factored into the analysis for the petcoke processes, the PG-INGR design had lower costs and thus confirms it as the viable design to adapt for liquids production. Exploring the benefits of a waste source of fuel, the techno-economic and life cycle analysis (LCA) of petcoke was further examined in the IGCC power plant operated with CCS. This design performance was compared against the coal based IGCC and supercritical pulverized coal (SCPC) power plants operated with CCS of the same net power output based on its levelized cost of electricity, thermal efficiency, feed consumption rate, and direct GHG emissions. Results showed that the petcoke power plant outperformed both reference systems in both economics and environmental impacts. Finally, petcoke was further explored as fuel in the oxy-combustion power plant designed to operate with and without carbon capture and sequestration. Our study of the oxy-combustion power plant further included the purification of the captured CO2 stream via cryogenic distillation to meet pipeline specifications. This analysis was to compare its performance to that of petcoke IGCC power plant. LCA and CCA of the petcoke oxy-combustion power plant designs were also presented. Overall, the results showed a cost-competitive source of electricity generation even for the design with highly purified CO2. In terms of environmental impacts, the LCA study confirmed the minimal emission tendency of the petcoke oxy-combustion system even when the indirect petcoke emissions were considered.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».