Identification of Arctic char stocks in the Cambridge Bay area, Nunavut Territory, and evidence of stock mixing during overwintering
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
I examined samples of anadromous Arctic char spawners from twelve locations in the Cambridge Bay area, Nunavut Territory, for evidence of stock structuring.These samples could be distinguished from one another on the basis of differences in morphologicai characters, using discriminant function analysis.Significant differences in the means of morphometric characters (ANOVA, minimum p < 0.05) were evident for most pair-wise comparisons.The morphometric characters that contributed the most to the discrimination were orbital length, maxillary width, and head depth.Discrimination among samples was less effective using meristic counts, but many significant differences were observed in pair-wise comparisons, and results paralleled those from the morphometric analysis.The meristic counts that contributed most to the discrimination were anal fin ray count, pyloric caeaa count, and upper gill raker count.There was evidence of reproductive isolation among these spawning aggregations, based on significant differences (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) in allele frequencies for Malic Enzyme between some samples of spawners.I present clear evidence of homing to natal spawning grounds based on significant differences among samples (ANOVA, minimum p < 0.05) in mean strontium (Sr) concentrations (micro-PIXE) in the eariy growth regions of otoliths of spawners.The consistency of the Sr concentrations among all age groups within each sampie of spawners is evidence of philopatry.I conclude that anadromousArctic char in the study area home to a high degree and have formed discrete stocks, both within and between river systems.Samples of nonspawning Arctic char captured in autumn upstream migrations as they returned to fresh water showed considerable heterogeneity in morphometric characters (cluster analysis and discriminant function analysis) and otolith Sr concentrations in the early growth regions.This is evidence that these upstream migrations are composed of an admixture of stocks.Nonsatisfaction of Castle-Hardy-V/einberg equilibrium (Malic Enzyme, heterozygote deficiency) in one sample provides additional evidence of mixing of stocks during this overwintering migration.The Arctic char is very important to the economy of the Inuit of the study area and is harvested regularly.Threats to the genetic diversity of this species, contained within the aggregate of these discrete stocks, include habitat destruction and harvest.In order to preserve the genetic diversity of individual stocks, an effective management strategy must be developed and implemented.I present an "Adaptive Management" approach for future consideration.This approach utilizes the traditional ecological knowledge of the resource users, in particular the location of spawning grounds, and couples it with the biological complexities of this species.Harvest plans need to be developed, based on this information, so that individual stocks can be harvested at a level that will not adversely affect the genetic diversity of the species.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».